The Positive And Negative Impact Of Climate Change On The Earth
Climate Change
Climate change has impacted the earth over decades and may potentially cause the death of humans. Global climate is projected to continue changing over this century and beyond due to an overlap of the anthropogenic forcings and natural forcings. However, humans are contributing to climate change more substantially than the natural factors that occur.
Anthropogenic forcing is the economical activity of humans that affect the energy balance of the earth [1] as well as alter the chemical composition of the atmosphere [2] which impacts climate change. To begin with, the advancements in agriculture, manufacturing, and transportation have caused a rapid increase in fossil fuel burning such as coal, oil, and natural gas, as well as
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Natural factors that affect climate involve solar variability, natural aerosols, orbital cycles, axial tilt, ocean circulation, and natural greenhouse gases [2]. Observations from an energy balance climate model suggests that 41% - 64% of the changes in temperature before human activity heavily impacted climate change in 1850 (pre anthropogenic), was a cause of natural factors such as the variability of the sun’s exposure and eruption of volcanoes [8]. The sun is the largest source of energy the earth receives and changes to the energy output of the sun would cause climate to change [6] because there is more warming in the lower parts of the atmosphere due to greenhouse gases. The change in the tilt and wobble of the earth around the sun also influence climate as well as the earth’s axis with respect to the sun causes different seasons to occur due to its tilt [2]. Additionally, natural aerosols from volcanic eruptions cause large amounts of dust particles and gases to fill the atmosphere. They can cool the planet by absorbing and emitting solar radiation [2] but can also cause global warming due to the greenhouse gases that are released in the atmosphere [9]. Furthermore, heat is also transferred throughout global ocean through water circulation changes and the energy output of the sun causes climate change due to the reflectivity of the sun’s radiation from sea ice and glaciers that is also trapped in the earth’s atmosphere, causing a warming [2]. Altogether, many natural factors impact climate change and are less extreme compared to how the anthropogenic forcing affects climate
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