265] and to the stratification of discourses in a narrative. Bakhtin’s theory considers that the meaning in a polyphonic novel is generated through the layering of the multiple perspectives of characters and thus through the juxtaposition of several ideologies and belief-systems unlike the ‘homophonic’ or monologic novel that delivers a narrative from a single point of view. Dialogism on the other hand consists of the functioning of polyphony. In other words, it means the interaction of the multiple voices and perspectives in a text and their mutual influence on one another.
Literature cannot prevail without imagination. When words combined with thoughts, giving voice to ideas and imagination a piece of work is produced, whereas the way of portraying reality may vary. “Reality” is completely opposite of “fantasy”. One validates the other by knowing what the other veritably meant. According to Derrida, meaning helps us differentiate between what is and not?
A character is defined as a “fictional representation of a person” (230). A strong character is essential in literary fiction, especially in a genre of writing such as short story where the author has a limited amount of time to tell a story. The authors’ goal is often to create a realistic depiction of a person; one that will keep readers engaged and drives the momentum of the plot. In every story-but more specifically a short story- the protagonist is the catalyst for the plot. Authors use many different types of character classifications such as round, flat, stick, dynamic, or static.to build an interesting story.
The delaying of the appeareance of Godot, who is expected to be the one who will elucidate them, is a mere mirage. In Beckett's aesthetic form, the place that Godot occupies is that of an equivalent in traditional literature to the interpretations that sustain reality. The romantic, moralistic, sentimental, or philosophical interpretations that are implicit in the text, the authors subjectivity. And as the play is structured as a process of waiting for Godot, the audience is deprived on purpose of this interpretations, so that a feeling of abysmal absence, predominates in the play. As Eva Metman explains that man is shown in a world lacking of divine or demonic powers, but alone with them, foot note (2) Eva Metman, 'Reflections on Samuel Beckett's plays', in Samuel Beckett: A Collection of Critical Essays, ed.
Some readers might view that minor characters as irrelevant in the story or have a minimal part that will affect the story and the main character. The whole plot is focused on the main character only. However they do play a big part towards the main character in the story. Main characters do not only develop independently and throughout events and conflicts of a plot of a story. Authors use the literary techniques of minor characters to help develop the main character’s actions and how they are portrayed at the beginning and at the end of the story.
2. 3 The importance of Freudian approach in literature There are certain psychoanalytic concepts expressed by Sigmund Freud that can be applied to interpret literary texts. Most of the literary texts, like dreams, articulate the secret unconscious desires and concerns of the author, that a literary work is expression of the author’s own neuroses. One may psychoanalyze a particular character within a literary work, but it is usually assumed that all such characters are outcrops of the author’s psyche. The interesting side of this approach is that it confirms the importance of literature, as it is built on a literary key for the making out.
Figurative language is a dissimilarity to literal language. Its prime resolution is to influence the readers to envision what an author means with an expression or statement. Numerous literary devices and elements are used in the type of figurative language. The use of several types of element adds to the strength, depth and excellence of figurative language through a literary effort. Metaphors, similes, hyperbole, symbolism, personification, allusion, imagery, irony and rhyme are all common in figurative language elements.
Stories usually have hidden meaning put there by the author to entertain the thoughts of those patient enough to dig deeper into the meaning. Meanings in stories are expressed in various ways. An example is O. Henry’s story The Gift of the Magi. O.Henry in his story uses a few themes to describe the story and the characters. He does this to get the reader engaged in the story and want to read more.
-says Nigel Watts in his book Teach Yourself Writing a Novel about the block that many of us comes across while we try to come up with something creative. It is entirely different from simply conveying information and is more inclined to the expression of thoughts, feelings and emotions. Many people find writing help give a vent to their innermost feelings, which they are otherwise forced to keep bottled up within themselves. It can also be a way of creative expression as expressing creativity may be a way that helps to foster meaning in our lives. Writing often helps to flush from the deep thickets of the self some thought, feeling, comprehension, question, music, the writer didn’t know was in him, or in the world.
A novel is a fictional literary narrative that describes human experiences based on innovation, length, content and character and plot development. To be considered a novel there has to be a literary change or “cutting-edge” material, a new way of viewing society and the world. It also has to be a desirable length, with enough content that conveys realism to its readers in a way that the characters interact with their surroundings, one another and themselves, but it also has to allow room for character and plot development. (Wimmer, Joshua. Novels: Definition, Characteristics & Examples.