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Toxic Effects Of Heavy Metal Pollution

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Heavy metal contamination has been a serious problem for the past decade. It is considered as one of the most dangerous types of aquatic pollutions because of its toxicity and accumulation by marine organisms (El Zokm, El-Gohary & El-Khalek, 2012). Many heavy metals find their way to bodies of water through a wide range of mechanisms and pathways, including to the air such as during combustion, extraction, and processing and to surface waters via runoff and releases from storage and transport as well as to the soil and hence into ground waters and crops. There is no clear definition of what a heavy metal is: they are most commonly defined as those having a specific density of more than 5 g/cm3.The rapid industrialization, agricultural and aquaculture …show more content…

In addition, the protein and glycogen level of the marine organisms that were exposed to Cadmium significantly decreased. Some of the toxic effects of heavy metals in water include defects in physiological functions, individual growth, and mortality rate mostly in fishes (Wójcik and Tukiendorf, 2004; Mohanpuria et. al, 2007). Through air inhalation, ingestion, and manual handling the heavy metals can enter the plants, animals and human tissues. Humans that were exposed to heavy metals may damage the body systems due to the heavy metal intoxications (Lakherwal, …show more content…

Chitosan is a natural biopolymer obtained from crustacean shells such as crab, shrimp, and lobster (Kamari&Pulford& Hargreaves, 2009). Chitosan have received enormous worldwide attention as one of the promising renewable polymeric materials for being non-toxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible polysaccharide polymer for its extensive applications in agricultural and industrial areas such as heavy metal chelation, wastewater treatment, paper production, textile finishes, photographic products, and cements (Rathke & Hudson, 1994). The rate of chitosan increase is determined to be the relevant commercial materials, due to its excellent properties, including biocompatible, environment, adsorption, and the ability to produce film and chromium of metal ions (St.,

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