The Double Helix: Rosalind Franklin

Watson and Crick indubitably viewed the discovery of DNA structure as a race, whereas Franklin was more focused on her own work. Franklin did not necessarily intend to be competitive, she even said, “Does it matter who fits the final piece? We all stand on each other’s shoulders,” but her refusal to share information until she had completed her research came off as competitive. Of course, the actual model of DNA, was a collaborative product since it was made possible by expertise from many scientists other than Watson and Crick, but it was accomplished through an aggressive collecting of information. For this very reason Watson and Crick deserved the Nobel Prize; though they may not have found all the evidence for the DNA structure themselves, they put considerable effort and energy into collecting and synthesizing all the evidence, to find something that nobody else

Rosalind Franklin was the manifestation of an extraordinary person. A remarkable scientist, Franklin received a PhD from Cambridge University when women maintaining desires beyond becoming housewives were ridiculed. Franklin later became a fellow at King’s College, where her work on X-Ray Diffraction revealed the structure of the most important molecule in science: DNA.

Mae Jemison was the first african american astronaut. She was the first african american women in space. She first went into space on the Endeavour. She was also the first african american women to be accepted into the space academy training program.

The following passage is from Angela’s Ashes written by Frank McCourt, who was born into deep poverty during the Great Depression. Read the following passage carefully and examine to what extent the author’s implication of education holds in the society today.

Rosa Louise McCauley Parks is an African American woman from Tuskegee, Alabama. Born February 4, 1913 and died October 24, 2005.She was a civil right activist. When she was a child, her parents separated, she lived with her maternal grandparents, mother, and her little brother. Rosa was studied secondary school in a special school set up by the state teacher college especial for Negroes Then she went out of school after her grandparents and mother became ill in order to take care of them.

Rosalind Franklin was regarded highly for the ability to produce X-ray photographs with high precision, but that was the only thing she was known for at the time and she was unknown in the wider world. The Double Helix is a very popular book written by James Watson in 1968. The book was Watson’s own personal account of DNA puzzling and it was the reason Franklin started to become visible to a small circle of scientists. We might not know how important were Franklin’s lucid x-ray diffractions of hydrated DNA to Watson and Francis Crick if it

On November 5, 1872 Susan B. Anthony had voted and was imprisoned for it two weeks later. Did she have the right to vote, or was she wrong? She was wrong to a lot of people but not the women and to the court reasoning she was imprisoned for it. Although she was wrong to vote and breaking the law I believed that her motives were for the greater good of humanity.

Dr. Jane C. Wright was born on November 30, 1919 in Manhattan to parents Corrine, a public-school teacher and Louis T. Wright, a graduate of Meharry Medical College and one of the first African American graduates from Harvard Medical School. She attended the Ethical Culture Fieldston School, from which she graduated in 1938. Wright went on to graduate with an art degree from Smith College in 1942 and then graduated with honors, with a medical degree from New York Medical College 1945.

Franklin arrived in Philadelphia in 1723 practically penniless, but over the next two decades he became enormously wealthy as a print shop owner, land speculator and publisher of the popular “Poor Richard’s Almanack.” By 1748, the 42-year-old was rich enough to hang up his printer’s apron and become a “gentleman of leisure.” Franklin’s retirement allowed him to spend his remaining 42 years studying science and devising inventions such as the lightning rod, bifocal glasses and a more efficient heating stove. It also gave him the freedom to devote himself to public service..He died on April 17,1790.

Franklin’s most credited scientific work was carried out in 1752. He had a brilliant idea to prove lightning was electricity, this used another one of his observations that static electricity discharges to a sharp pointed object. He did prove that lightning was a form of electricity. He proved that electricity was a force of nature not just something that scientist can play with. In 1753, the Britain Royal Society honored him with the Copley Medal, which at the time was the highest award for scientist to get. (Benjamin Franklin

Maurice Wilkins was a scientists who worked at King's College. He shared his ideas with both Francis and Crick. He also tells them if their project is right or wrong. Wilkins' partner, Rosalind Franklin, also helped with the discovery. Her lectures and advice was some of the most essential ingredients for the discovery. Although she was right most of the time, she was also wrong at times. She was for sure it was not a helix structure, when in fact it was. James Watson knew it was a helix and that is why Watson and Franklin got into feuds every now and then. Linus Pauling, a chemist at Cal Tech, was also very important to the discovery. He was one of the first ones to start to get into DNA. When he gave a presentation on what he discovered, that is when Watson and Crick really got into the DNA structure. "Chiefly it was a matter of five people: Maurice Wilkins, Rosalind Franklin, Linus Pauling, Francis Crick, and me," (Watson, 4).

Thompson's Plum Pudding Model. Rutherford's main motivation for this experiment was simply his desire to discover or to learn more about the atom. He wanted to study and Lear about the effects of alpha particles on matter, but first, he had to discover a way to count the individual particles. This led to the discovery of Gold Foil Experiment. This experiment discovered the nucleus of the atom. Through this experiment, Rutherford disproved J.J. Thompson's Plum Pudding Model, and allowed people could better understand the structure and function of the atom. Also, it motivated other scientists to study the atom more fluently. The results of Rutherford's experiments are still considered valid, but we now know that the nucleus is also composed of neutrons, thanks to experiments James Chadwick, and not just protons and electrons. Niels Bohr came up with the idea of electron shells, which explains how and why chemicals react, and where electrons are located in atom. The conclusions of the Gold Foil Experiment represent one of the most pivotal scientific discoveries in human history. It enhanced mankind's understanding of how all matter in the universe is structured at the fundamental level and consequently affected every scientific and engineering discipline. Like most scientific models, Rutherford's atomic model was not perfect or complete. Based on classical Newtonian physics, it was impossible. Accelerating

To begin, Annie was born December 11, 1863 in Dover, Delaware, U. S. She was the first woman in her family to go to college. Annie went to Wellesley college and studied physics and astronomy, later graduating in 1884. For the next 10 years, she lived at home, caring for her mother and doing some traveling, photograph, and some interest in music. Annie went back to Wellesley college in 1893, for a year of advanced study in astronomy. She also went to Radcliffe to continue more of her studies, for 2 years, (Britannica). One of the reasons Annie jump Cannon is an influential woman to me is because of how hard she worked in college and continue to study. Many women did not go college and for some that did learning about a difficult was work.

At the age of 89, Elizabeth Blackwell passed away in Hastings. She was the first woman

It is the year 1962 and all over the world people are talking about Watson Crick, James Dewey Watson, and Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins. Today is an important day because the three are awarded the Nobel Prize for unlocking the secrets of DNA. But they were not the rightful owners. They did not deserve that prize because they stole a lot of someone else’s work. That work belonged to the scientist known as Rosalind Franklin. She is the unsung hero of DNA. You might not know that name but you should. She deserves credit and that is what I will do in this book. The discovery of DNA might not sound like much but it has been one of the most important discoveries in science today. You might also think that Einstein made better discoveries and I am