The Essential Role Of Macromolecules In Our Body

Testing for the Presence of Macromolecules in McDonald’s Happy Meals Clayton Wagoner MST Biology White 4 duPont Manual High School Introduction Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are organic molecules found in every living organism. These macromolecules are large carbon based structures. The macromolecules are assembled by joining several smaller units, called monomers, together through a chemical reaction called dehydration synthesis. The resulting polymer can be disassembled through the complementary process called hydrolysis.

From an energy point of view carbohydrates represent the most valuable of the food components (Processing, n.d.). The basic structure of carbohydrates is a sugar molecule and this macro nutrient is classified in terms by how many molecules the structure contain. There are simple carbohydrates and complex carbohydrates. Simple carbohydrates contain mostly fructose and glucose sugar molecules that combine to form a disaccharide. Complex carbohydrates contain polysaccharides and this includes starches, fiber, and glycogen.

The Diverse Parts of Macromolecules in Science There are four sorts of macromolecules that I am going to portray: Proteins, starches, lipids and nucleic corrosive. I will likewise depict the capacities and why they are critical in our bodies. Proteins Proteins are polymers of amino acids that are joined head-to-tail in a long chain that is then collapsed into a three-dimensional structure one of a kind to every sort of protein. The covalent linkage between two contiguous amino acids in a protein (or polypeptide) chain is known as a peptide bond.

In order for organisms to carry on life, energy must be provided. The food taken into the body must be broken down into smaller pieces before it can be used as a source of energy by the organism. This process of breaking down food is called digestion and there are many enzymes used in order for digestion to occur. Enzymes are catalysts, which means that they can start and speed up a chemical reaction. Without enzymes in our body, it would take a longer period of time for digestion to occur.

Nutrition is how food affects the health of the body. The body has to function and remain healthy by taking in macronutrients and micronutrients. Failure to do so leads to ill-health and disease. Everyone, throughout life requires the same nutrients but in differing quantities. The factors that determine how much we need are: age, gender, size, exercise and whether one is in good health or, perhaps, has a medical condition.

42.polysaccharide- A type of macromolecule that consists of chains of monosaccharides, which is formed by dehydration reactions. 43.primary structure- A polypeptide chain that contains the protein’s amino acid sequence.

Carbohydrates are stored mostly in the muscles and liver. Complex

Introduction The purpose of this lab is to use control variables to help identify different macromolecules. Biological systems are made up of these four major macromolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Carbohydrates are sugar molecules (monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides) which make them the most abundant macromolecule on the earth. Lipids (oils and fats, phospholipids and steroids) are insoluble in water and perform many functions such as energy source, essential nutrients, hormones and insulators (Lehman, 1955).

The highly unsaturated ones are the omega-3 fatty acids, but another lipid found in the cell membrane is cholesterol, and all the good cholesterol found in all your cells form a hydrophobic bond. The term hydrophobic refers to the water solubility of the cell membrane, phobic meaning “afraid of” and “hydro” meaning water. So, cell membranes are secured by hydrophobic bonds, since lipids aggregate in solution without actually attaching to the atoms that constitute the solution. Shake a bottle of oil and water, and the oil (lipid) aggregates together into smaller and smaller droplets, but it will never form bonds with the water.

Carbohydrates are molecules that consist of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen atoms. Carbohydrates are important because they provide our bodies with energy and fuel so our brains can function correctly. And carbohydrates causes our muscles to function as well. Carbohydrates is the body's preferred source of energy. They can range from complex carbohydrates to be similar carbohydrates.

Metabolism is responsible for converting nutrients in food that we eat in to energy. We need

Carbs and fats are needed in the diet for energy but proteins are not intended to be used as energy. What do they do for the body instead? List a few of the functions of proteins. Type your response here: Proteins do so much for the body. They help with your hair and nails.

DNA has a massive job of keeping you alive. In essence, a microscopic strand of genes support your entire body and life. There are many smaller jobs protein has to accomplish that combine to accomplish the main job of supporting life. To start, DNA codes for proteins and every protein provide an essential biological function. Also, cells make up tissues, organs, and body systems.

At the start of the race where the runner is at rest and before commencing running, energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is used to fuel metabolic reactions and functions. Muscle is mostly using fat at rest as an energy source, which is indicated on the great metabolic race graph that approximately 67% of fat and 33% of carbohydrates are used for energy consumption. Fats, which are also called triglycerides, are composed of three monomers of fatty acids attached to the three OH group of the glycerol. Additionally, it is a very good energy storage and stores more enegy than glycogen.

Carbohydrates turn into glucose in your body. You need the hormone insulin to unlock the doors of your cells to let the glucose in. When insulin is released it also signals your body to store fat. So too many carbs can put your body in a state where it want to store fat - and not burn it. Protein and fat do not need insulin to get into your cells.