The Eureka Rebellion: Doctrines Of Nationalism, And Chartism
The development of the Australian nation, identity and its democracy are often attributed to the key beliefs which emerged through events of the Eureka Stockade. This paper will focus on the social movements and ideologies/doctrines of Nationalism, Egalitarianism and Chartism, their evolution in the events of the Eureka Stockade, and its significance to Australia today.
The Eureka Rebellion of 1854 was a time of significant social and economic change within colonial Australia. As people from around the world flocked to the Victorian goldfields for a chance of riches, the notion of equality and a multicultural society which defines contemporary Australia was born. The Eureka Stockade was a reaction to the harsh taxes which were imposed upon
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These aims were elaborated in the document, “The People’s Charter”. Many of the democratic ideas found in the People’s Charter are at the root of the contemporary Australian democratic system and were fundamental to the political movements and reforms the Eureka Stockade inspired. Having had former involvement in the Chartism movement of Britain, many immigrants to the Victorian goldfields were already familiar with this democratic ideology. With the growing opposition to the miners’ licence, shortly before the construction of the Eureka Stockade, 10,000 miners met to protest in support of these adopted Chartist principles and the abolition of the mining tax. This meeting led to the creation of the manifesto document, the “Ballarat Reform League Charter”. The last remaining original copy of this manifesto (see figure 4) is a primary source of evidence which gives reliable insight into the perspective of the diggers and their adoption of Chartist views. As this is one of the many official copies that were made from the original, there is a slight chance that there was a change in the duplication, but this a very small margin for error. Through the creation of this charter and the adoption of Chartist principles, it can be seen how chartism impacted the events of the Eureka stockade, and as a natural progression, the politics of modern
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