The Four Causes Of Drowning

INTRODUCTION
Drowning is a type of asphyxia due to aspiration of fluid into air passages, caused by submersion in water or any other fluid.
There are 4 types of drowning,
1. Wet (primary) drowning: water is inhaled into chest leading to cardiac arrest or ventricular fibrillation.
2. Dry drowning: water does not enter the lung, but death occurs due to laryngeal spasm.
3. Secondary drowning (post-immersion syndrome, near drowning): submersion victim resuscitated and survives for 24 hours.
4. Immersion syndrome (hydrocution, submersion inhibition): death results from cardiac arrest due to vagal inhibition.1
Worldwide drowning is the third leading cause of accidental death. In 1990 number of deaths due to drowning was 545,000 and 2013 it was estimated to have resulted in 368,000 deaths.2 This amounts to 7% of all accidental deaths, with major amount of these deaths occurring in low and middle-income countries.3

Most of the drowning cases occur accidentally, but in India in last five years 39,423 peoples commit suicide by drowning. Because of this drowning is one of the commonest means to commit suicide. In the year 2014, 1,276 peoples commit suicide by drowning in Maharashtra.
Murder by drowning is very rare, except in case of infants and children. If body is found with stone or weights attached to it, it must be either homicide or suicide and with children homicide alone.
MATERIAL AND