The Fourteenth Amendment

In Document D, Abigail Adams exclaims, in the John Adams miniseries, that Congress is like the King, because they don’t care for women and slaves (Source D). When Abigail tells her husband this, it displays her opinion that the King isn’t being fair to the Congress. In return, the Congress isn’t being fair to the women, which means that she needs to stand up for herself and the other women that need a say in laws and government. In Source B, Adams writes, “…we are determined to foment a Rebellion, and will not hold ourselves bound by any laws in which we have no voice, or representation.” Similar to Source D, this quote illustrates how strongly Abigail Adams’ determination would take her.

In 1857, Chief Justice Roger B. Taney made an announcement on the court’s decision. The U.S. Supreme Court eventually ruled that black Americans were not citizens and didn 't have the same rights as white people. Whether a black man was a slave or free, he could never become a US Citizen. This meant I didn 't have the right to even file his lawsuit. The Constitution was twisted in many ways by the court in this case.

Ferguson gave a ‘constitutional nod, to racial segregation in public places; foreclosing legal challenges against increasingly-segregated institutions throughout the South” (Plessy v. Ferguson). This explains that the verdict of the case slowed civil rights movements for a longer amount of time had Plessy v. Ferguson been decided differently. “The rail cars in Plessy notwithstanding, the black facilities in these institutions were decidedly inferior to white ones, creating a kind of racial caste society” (Plessy v. Ferguson).This illuminates that although the facilities of black and white people were separate they were not equal, creating tension. “After four decades…the Supreme Court has consistently ruled racial segregation in public settings to be unconstitutional”(Alex McBride).This shows that although Plessy v. Ferguson was not decided to benefit everyone it eventually made a change. Over all, Plessy v. Ferguson indirectly started something bigger than itself although being ruled differently in the

Therein, she expressed her ideas about women 's suffrage. She gave a talk to encourage American men and women to give political rights to women. In her speech, she states that both men and women are created equal and hence due to this equality women should have political rights too. Throughout her speech she emphasizes the discrimination against women, using the right to vote, the roles in marriage, and unequal wages as her evidence.

The Republican nominee, Ulysses S. Grant, was elected president by a very slim margin in 1868 which led to Congress ratifying the Fifteenth Amendment only a year later. The third and final amendment of the era prohibited the state and federal governments from refusing any citizen the right to vote based on their race or prior condition of servitude. Although the law stated that any citizen had the right to vote, it failed to include women. Female rights advocates saw the Reconstruction Era as a time to claim their own emancipation, as the African-Americans were doing at the time. Women took advantage of the time and started to demand liberty for divorce laws, the recognition that they had control over their own bodies, and birth control.

Lincoln’s and Douglass’s views differed from Davis’s because they did not consider the slaves as a chattel. Lincoln declared slavery illegal in the Confederate States in the famous Emancipation Proclamation. There is a famous quote form Douglass: where justice is denied and where any one class is made to feel that society is in an organized conspiracy to oppress and degrade them, neither persons nor property will be safe. Also, their views differed from Lydia Maria Child’s. Lincoln and Douglass believed the Constitution should be a protection against, rather than a sanction for slavery.

Especially due to the fact that at this time women who were unmarried were unable to obtain bank loans and credits cards. Even in terms of employment, jobs that were aimed at women would request for specific physically attractive appearances. Greater opportunities for women began in the early 1960s, due to significant changes taking place on a political level. Eleanor Roosevelt headed The Commission on the Status of Women issued a report in 1963, which found that in America discrimination against women did exist and laws needed to be introduced in order to achieve better gender equality. Introducing The Equal Pay Act in 1964 which saw both men and women entitled to receive the same amount of pay for the same work.

The metaphors both defend the suffragette cause and rally women to join it. One of Pankhurst’s most pertinent metaphors is her comparison of the fight for equality for women to a war, stating “I do not come here as an advocate… I am here as a soldier who has temporarily left the field of battle in order to explain… what civil war is like when civil war is waged by women. ”(Pankhurst). For the rest of the speech Pankhurst refers to herself as a soldier. This metaphor was imperative to the effectiveness of her speech because the country was on the brink of war with Germany(“History - Emmeline Pankhurst.”).

In the play Trifles, Susan Glaspell demonstrates the injustice towards women and their very basic fundamental rights, this brings the patience of a few women to a tipping point and initiates the birth of a buried movement after centuries of reticence, during the early twentieth century in North America. It is this common memory and experiences among women, which motivated few women to rise up against the male dominated Justice System, which eventually wakes up the rest of the women in the society through time. However, ironically, this movement is accomplished in a secret way and in silence against the male dominated justice system of America, because silence itself is a very powerful tool for women; in other words concealing of knowledge helps

She states that her explanations should not be necessary by pointing out the double standard between men and women. Her use of counterargument along with the aforementioned combine to strengthen and solidify her purpose to both inspire young American women and prove the effectiveness of her radical actions. In the year 1913, Emmeline Pankhurst went to Hartford, Connecticut to deliver a speech to American women, invigorating them to support the suffragettes’ cause in England. Before one can understand the speech, one must know the historical context that landed Pankhurst in Connecticut.

Chicago 2010, the second amendment over rules Chicago’s handgun ban. The people of the city said they felt vulnerable and brought this ban to attention. Rejecting the petitioners would have been unconstitutional, so they brought it to the Supreme Court. The judgement was reversed, and the case remanded. According to guncite.com, the petitioners had based their case on two things-“Primarily, they argue that the right to keep and bear arms is protected by the Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and that the Slaughter-House Cases’ narrow interpretation of the Clause should now be rejected.

Due to the many weaknesses of the Articles the convention that was held to revise the articles ended up throwing away the Articles of Confederation and starting all over again. A weak congress was one of these weaknesses. “The Articles created a loose confederation of sovereign states and a weak central government, leaving most of the power with the state governments” (Library of Congress). The main problem with the Articles of Confederation was that it failed to give power to the federal government. The new states needed to unify under one constitution and they needed to establish a soverign central government.

Finally in 1920, the nineteenth amendment was presented and allowed the women in the United States the right to vote (Kirk, G. & Okazawa-Rey, M. (2013). When thinking about how the women felt about not be able to speak up with voting situations is horrible. We are truly blessed that there were women who spoke their mind and changed the women’s lives for the

Board of Education in 1954 overturning the old rule of “separate but equal”, which was established under Plessey V. Ferguson in 1896. (Ch. 21) Eisenhower refused to endorse Brown; he had a preference for limited Federal intervention in what he considered states’ responsibilities. He was, however, forced to send in federal troops in 1957 to escort the “little rock nine” into school. Southern leaders were outraged; the 44 teachers who supported the “nine” lost their jobs. Eisenhower explained that he did what he did not to favor integration, but to obey the federal law.

In 1689, the British and the French entered a long period of frequent warfare known as the Second One Hundred Years’ War. The British government had to start directing its focus towards the French rather than its colonies in the New World. Due to the constant warfare, the British did not enforce the Navigation Acts that regulated and controlled trade going to and from the colonies. This sort of political and economic strategy was called salutary neglect. The Americans enjoyed minimal interference in their trading and the American economy grew and developed under this salutary neglect.