The History Of Multilingualism

This chapter is the review of the previous studies and literatures that concern FLP in mixed ethnicity families. Besides the focus on linguistic management and strategies within home, the issue of co-construction between language and identity in mixed-racial children is also touched on. In addition, the overview of multilingualism and language policy theories are also provided within the chapter.

2.1 Multilingualism

It is believed that the globalization is a key factor which leads to the rise of multilingualism all over the world (Larissa, 2012). Due to the mobility of man power for economic migration, education migration, and mariage migration, it causes a conflict in language and communication. Therefore, knowing more languages is recently

However, most of researchers put their focus more to psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic. However, the field of multilingualism study became to be popular in the past decades (Kemp, 2009). The divergence of describing multilingualism can be perceived by looking at the ability of language use of an individual or deriving the definition from researchers’ background, ideologies, and purposes. Nevertheless, multilingualism often covers the terms bilingualism, it is mostly agreed to be used to describe ‘the individuals who use two different languages colloquially’ (R.Lillis, 1994; Kamp 2009). However, bilingualism is commonly used as to refer to the ability of knowing two languages, while multilingualism is defined as to make reference to the ability of speaking more

However, it is suspicious whether language plannng is a subsume of languag policy or another way around (Hornberger, 2006). Therefore, language policy terms within this research cover langauge planning terms as well. LPP can be defined into three main categories according to Hornberger (2006); status palnning, corpus planning, and acquisition planning. Status planning is about value setting for language users in speech community. Corpus planning is about the arrangement of langauge structure and form of language or literacies, and acquisition planning is about the distribution of a langauge or creation of opportunity to learn a language. The objectives of LPP can be varied in different context; it can be a tool to preserve linguistic diversity in a community, a solution to linguistic diglossia, or create a conflict (Wiley, 1996; Hornberger, 2006). In a family, LPP can possibly be categorized in all three types in different stage of implementation and objectives of