The Impact Of Climate Change In Ethiopia

Climate change can be defined as long-term continuous either increasing or decreasing average weather condition such as maximum temperature and minimum temperature or the range of weather condition such as more frequent and severe extreme storms ( ).Climate change strongly affects the natural and social environment at global and regional level (Heru, 2008).Globally, climate change affects hydro-meteorological characteristics, in the form of quality and quantitative changes (Soojun, 2016).According to IPCC, (2007) an example of global climate change is global warming, the rise of average temperature and ,wide speed melting of snow and glaciers, and the rise of the earth’s sea level, which has been observed and measured. Quantitative and qualitative

The main environmental problem is climate-related problems such as drought, flood, food, and water scarcity (Hessel et al., 2015). According to fourth assessment report, the intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC, 2007) concluded that climate change is already happening with multi- faceted effects on human societies and the environment. There is also an emerging consensus that Eastern Africa, and particularly Ethiopia, is one of the most vulnerable countries due to its great reliance on climate-sensitive sectors, particularly agriculture (Thornton, et al., 2006). Ethiopia contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions is negligible, but it is affected by the adverse impacts of climate change brought by the carbon-intensive development paths of rich countries over the past century. The annual average temperature is projected to increase by 3.84 °C compared to that of the 1960- 90 average while the average annual rainfall will reduce by 3.5% at the end of the century (Cline, 2007).With the same idea, According to Abebe, (2007) the Mean annual minimum temperature and annual rainfall variability and trend observed over the country in the period 1951-2006 there has been a warming trend in the annual minimum temperature over the past 55 years. It has been increasing by about 0.37 0C every ten years. The country has also experienced both dry and wet years over the same period. Historically, strong links have been observed between climate variability and the overall performance of Ethiopia´s economy, reflected by the high correlation between rainfall and GDP fluctuations (World Bank, 2006). Climate variability, particularly rainfall variability and associated droughts have been major causes of food insecurity and famine in Ethiopia (Demeke, et al., 2011). The other climate-related hazard that affects Ethiopia from time to time floods. Major floods which caused lose of life and property occurred in