Openness In Ffm

Introduction

The type and scope of careers have evolved over the years with the advancement of technology and globalisation (Biemann, Zacher, & Feldman, 2012; cited in Zacher, 2014), which results to the needs for individuals to adapt to these changes for career survival (Savickas et al., 2009). Having say that, jobs are no longer a subset of safety needs in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (1943) but a core aspect of identity and individual’s development (Sutin et al., 2009).

Career literatures have defined career success in the context of positive psychological and work-related outcomes from the accumulation of individual’s work experience (Judge, Cable, Boudreau, & Bretz, 1995; London & Stumpf, 1982; Seibert et al., 1999; cited from Seibert

Studies have shown intrinsic rewards is correlated with openness to experience ((Ng et al., 2005; cited in Zacher, 2014). This could also be explained for individuals with higher level of openness are more satisfied with jobs that allow them to learn new skills (Furnham et al., 2005, cited in Furnham, Eracleous, and Chamorro‐Premuzic, 2009).

Longitudinal researches with the focus on FFM dimensions and career success have been conducted on individuals during their various stages of life (childhood, adolescence and adulthood). The results from these researches have shown individuals who have been measured with neuroticism and agreeableness during their childhood are associated with lower extrinsic career success (Judge et al, 1999, cited in Sutin et al., 2009). From the same research, individuals who have been measured with high extraversion and conscientiousness are associated with higher extrinsic success.

Empirical evidences have shown the correlations between personality traits and career success is valid even though the relationship may be complex. However, there has been an inconclusive debate about whether the dimensions of FFM are dispositional or situational. Personality traits may change if individuals are encountering stress (Wu, 2016) or the extrinsic and intrinsic of career success (Roberts, Caspi, & Moffitt, 2003; Scollon & Diener, 2006; cited in Sutin et al.,