Conflict constitutes a major threat to the development of African countries in terms of the loss of human life, destruction of property, displacement of people, diversion of resources and the funding of expensive peacekeeping support operations. Peace, in my perspective, is the means to the end of developed state. Specifically, the term refers to the state of mutual harmony between two parties which encompasses an environment that can allow for growth. There are however various reasons that can hinder the attainment of peace in a specific country. National interests of a superior state may prevent the attainment of peace in a developing state. The realist theory stresses the constraints on politics imposed by human selfishness and the absence of international government. The theory further emphasizes that states are sovereign and are motivated by national interests. The United States of America has acted as the world’s police interfering in other states’ matters especially if the state can benefit them. A specific example of this such …show more content…
This may be so as cultures provide people with their perception of thinking and interpreting the world. Thus an issue may be viewed differently by two different persons which may interfere with cross-cultural understanding due to cognitive constraints. In addition, behavior constraints may contribute to the occurrence of a conflict as there exists difference in the proper behavior that is accepted by different cultures which eventually affect the verbal and nonverbal communication. Emotional constraints may also contribute to the occurrence of a conflict as different cultures display emotions differently. For instance in the Kenyan state, there are various communities that have different cultural orientation from others. If the different cultures don’t find a cross-cultural understanding there may encounter various levels of conflict leading to a civil
Communication Improvement Plans (CIPs): Goal Setting Paper State the Problem: Intercultural Communication is a form of communication that aims to share information across different cultures and social groups. The transaction process of listening and responding to people from different cultural backgrounds can have a challenging. The problems are different religious, social, ethnic, and educational backgrounds (language barrier). State the Goal: teaching about diversity and give training the communities that live together.
Cultural Immersion The more we seem different, the more we are essentially the same. Cultural differences often make people think that there is something wrong with or dangerous about others. People often are afraid to experience things that are different because they fear what might happen to them. Some people view others from different cultures as less than or not desirable.
Lund explores the gap between the promise of conflict prevention and its more deliberate pursuit. The author examines new conflict where a peaceful equilibrium prevailed for years but fundamental social and global forces have managed to produce new controversies, tensions and disputes. The article analyses several instruments for crisis and conflict prevention: direct and structural instruments as well as ad hoc and a priori instruments. The main issue with the instruments examined is that they can only be used by states against other states. This article fails to notice that fundamental social and global forces that have produced new controversies are coming about due to cultural clashes between groups.
People can best respond to conflict by staying positive because it affects their physical and mental health in a helpful way and can affect others around you in a positive way. It can help someone greatly in stressful situations when their life could be at risk. Positive thinking is one of the best ways to respond to conflict because it can affect your physical health in a constructive way. The Mayo Clinic Staff states that a positive attitude can, “Increase a person’s life span, can help them build up resistance to the common cold and cardiovascular disease, have better physical well-being, and better cardiovascular health”. Staying positive is somewhat crucial to a person’s health.
6. Isolationism Isolationism refers to a general attitude of noninterference with other nations, or with the avoidance of connections that may lead to disruption, conflict, or war. Isolationism is a foreign policy systems that exist and adopted by several countries in the world. Political isolationism emphasizes minimizing relations with a country outside the country, mostly in the field of Economics and Diplomacy. The United States is one country that uses an isolationist foreign policy in the history of foreign policy.
Apart from constructing artificial hierarchies in Africa, colonialism has also contributed to ethnic conflict by establishing institutions, borders, and practices that create an unstable environment where ethnic conflict can emerge. Ethnic conflicts tend to occur in regions with weak, authoritarian governments that fail to meet the basic needs of the population. This creates frustration within the society and will create conditions that allow conflict to thrive. Moreover, it is also important to recognize that post-colonial states are characterized by weakness, resulting in the inability to change their governing structures from the institutions imposed by colonialists. Therefore, colonial policies, practices, and institutions tend to continue
An article was written by Vincent Chetail and Oliver Jütersonke which titled “ Peacebuilding: A Review of the Academic
The African Union is one of the world 's most dominant intergovernmental operations. The AU has clearly had reasonable achievements through its direct contribution and partnership with the international body to resolving and decreasing conflicts in some of the region’s hotbeds. This essay will cover its successes as well as weaknesses in terms of strengthening its ties amongst the member states through social, economic and political matters. The African Union came about in July 2002 and consists of 55 member countries.
Forces that Separate Cultures Culture has been one of the integral parts of civilization since the beginning of time. In order to establish a civilization, a culture had to be developed. It was not until the tower of Babel that cultures became separate and diversified. When this happened, language was varied, separate ways of life were created, and differences were made visible. Because of this, various cultures have struggled throughout the progression of time at existing peacefully and respectfully with other cultures.
The main focus of this assignment is directed towards the Democratic Republic of Congo and its chaotic state. The assignment highlights its main causes, impacts, consequences and recommended solutions. “Wars are defined as open, declared, and intentional armed struggles between nations or political entities”. On the other hand, a conflict arises from disagreement between two parties where parties perceive a threat to their needs and interests. It is a “state of open and prolonged fighting between people, ideologies, and even countries.”
While “peacemaking generally includes various measures to address and discuss on conflicts in progress and usually involves constructive diplomatic action to bring hostile parties to a negotiated agreement, peacebuilding aims to lessen the risk of lapsing or relapsing into conflict by the method of strengthening national capacities at all levels for conflict management.” Contrary to other missions, peacekeeping operations have a military or international police presence in the field. Conflict prevention Conflict prevention is among the Security Council’s highest priorities. The Council may stop the outbreak of a conflict through agenda-setting, fact-finding missions, diplomatic initiatives, sanctions, peace operations, and peace enforcement.
PI 481 Seminar: Problems in International politics and economics Final Essay: describe the key forces—Global and Local, economic and political shaping one of the following issues: Statelessness and intervention, global poverty, global climate change, international migration Make clear what you believe to be the relative importance of the different forces at play in shaping these issue areas by relying on the course concept and readings and analyze ways it links to others Introduction Global political force and global economic force seem to be very important to look at the current world problems and challenges of the Statelessness and intervention at the present times. These key forces play the important roles towards the roles of Nation-state
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS BE A MECHANISM FOR EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT. FORTUNATA MULEKUZI REGISTRATION NUMBER: PG201401993 A CONCEPT NOTE SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE UNIVERSIDADE FERNANDO PESSOA AND OPEN UNIVERSITY OF TANZANIA 2016 Background to the Problem The phenomenon international relations emerged at the beginning of the 20th century largely in the West and in particular in the United States as that country grew in power and influence. Bloomfield et al.
Introduction West Africa is an United Nations subregion that includes eighteen states located in the westernmost part of the African continent. Up to the end of World War II, the region was under the colonialist influence of Europe, specifically France, and the newfound independence left many states suffering from severe political instability, leaving the doors open for a series of brutal conflicts such as the Nigerian civil war, two Liberian civil wars, or the Sierra Leone civil war. Extreme levels of poverty and interests, both local and foreign, in resources of the region (such as the globally renowned Sierra Leone diamond mines) are all factors that contributed to the violence that has raged across the region in the last decades. The constant
Its tentacles of destruction reach out to every corner of the world. From the Balkans region to the Middle East, and even stretching as far as Asia and Northern Ireland and countless other places, becoming perchance one of the most significant sources of conflict in the post-cold war era (Christie, 1998; Caselli & Coleman, 2002). Monty and Gurr highlight, an amalgamation of poverty, weak states and weak institutions are the core causes of African conflicts (2005). Borders in Africa have also played a noteworthy role in conflict intensification. By and large, they have been observed as a barrier to peaceful relations among communities (Aswaju & Nugent, 1996).