The researcher is researching aspects of private lives of people and putting the findings available to the public, so it gives rise to numerous ethical issues, and the researcher has to be in a position to apply principles, rules and guidelines into the research study. Besides this, the free flowing, flexibility and inductive chanciness distinguish qualitative study. Fantasy or fact is an issue because the researcher is the main tool in qualitative study and the data are words, which are interpreted and analyzed by the researcher, and reality, which is studied, may be contradictory, incoherent and contradictory. It is challenging because the procedures of organizing and analyzing the data depend on insight, inference, logic, and consequently, with hard work and creativity of the researcher, so that the outcomes come forth as an intelligible whole.
Research in social sciences cover a wide spectrum of issues, involves variegated forms of data and perspectives that may influence the feelings, perspectives, attitudes and values people in the research process may hold (McCosker et al., 2001). The practicality of methodologies in research affect how people involved in the research feel. Qualitative researches aimed at investigating social phenomenon employ research instruments such as interviews, focus group discussions and observation (Beck, 2016). As suggested by Farberow (1963) such researches may study subject matters that inspire feelings of dread or awe and may incite melancholy in some cases. These topics of study may be confidential, (Lee, 1993), may inspire stigmatization if doled
That means ethical dilemma transform into psych. Where the potentially harmful ethical consequence will give scars inside. It needs people’s consideration and knowledge to identify an ethical dilemma in real life. This is the first step to resolve it which is to choose the best option in minimize the risk that have in action of dilemma. 4.1.1 Ethical Dilemma Seen in the Character of Five In novel I am Number Four; the Lost Files; Hidden Enemy found Ethical dilemma of Five.
Hence this will be a difficulty for analyst and professional, as they will then have to bring this matter to the conscious mind of the patients. This could also cause tension and opposition by patients during their treatments. This opposition is called resistance. (Nunberg, NCBI, 1943) Therefore patients and analyst have to come to an agreement to be able to solve the conflict. By assisting patient realizes the unidentified field, analyst encourages patient to face the supposed dangers.
In any research process, it is very important that the researcher to understand the research philosophies or the paradigms that contributes and adds to research quality and creativity Easterby-Smith et al (2012). With similar view, the knowledge of epistemology and ontology is critical in addressing research philosophies. This is because the ontological and the epistemological positions of the researcher influence his or her choice of what data to collect, how to collect and analyze the data, the meanings to make the data, and the extent of the generalizability of research findings. Given these three points, the first point as proposed by Easterby-Smith et al (2012) understanding the research philosophies helps the researcher to highlight and specify the best suitable methods for the study at hand. This includes identifying the source of data; types of data needed for the investigation, answering the proposed questions and, also help the researcher interpreting the findings of the research.
The study therefore had to be conducted with fairness and justice by eliminating all potential risks. The respondents must be aware of their rights. Ethical issues observed in a study must include “informed consent, right to anonymity and confidentiality, right to privacy, justice, beneficence and respect for persons”. An important consideration to take note of is that the interview schedule should be carried out when it suits the employees within the stipulated time frame. The questions asked are also transparent and have no other agenda besides that of solving the research question.
When we talk about ethical journalism we talk about why substantial information should be made accessible to the public. As journalists we can be caught in a dilemma, what to publish? and what not to publish? In order for us to solve this frustrating but educated instinct of conscientious altitude to name and shame justice in the angle of public interest, we are given the potter box model. Given the precise case study, "the decision to pursue and publish the Megan's law story,'' there are empirical information, principles,values and loyalties all distinguished in this model.
Research approach Qualitative research approach is defined as an approach that answers questions regarding the complex nature of the actions with the purpose of describing and understanding human behavior (De Vos, Strydom, Fouche, & Delport, 2011). Therefore, a qualitative research approach was appropriate in that the research aimed at finding in-depth understanding of the impact of lecturers’ negative attitude on students’ academic achievement. 3.3. Research design According to Mouton (1996, p. 175) the aim of research design is to assist with planning, organizing and completing the research. Which ensures the sincerity of the findings.
The important part of the research method is the philosophy, which is chosen considering the context and nature of the study. Some different research philosophies are there such as positivism, pragmatic, interpretivism, and realism. For this study, positivism research philosophy is used and in this method, the controlled approach is focused for the purpose of ensuring that is research study is discussing the context and purpose effectively (Bhattacharyya, 2006). With the help of this research philosophy, the researcher determines the topic and evaluates the method, which is most appropriate for the study under consideration. The purpose of selecting this approach is that it utilises statistical or mathematical method to analyse the data gathered.
They can be abused through the following: • Misrepresentation of findings Their findings can often be distorted by the client for their own benefit which can affect the researcher’s reputation. SUMMARY Key Stakeholders Key Ethical Concerns Public Privacy Issues Confidentiality Concerns Respondents Abuse to respondents Delivering sales under the guise of research Clients Unqualified research Disclosure of identity Lack of Objectivity Research Suppliers Misrepresentation of findings In order to avoid the above problems, various codes have been set-up. One of them being ‘The American Marketing Association’s Marketing Research Code of Ethics’. Opinion Based on the above analysis, it is evident that researchers must be extremely careful while performing research study. They should realize that the more they woo customers the more negative impact it creates in their mind regarding the brand image of the