Like in school, students study hard because they know after the semester of their hard work would be paid off. They know that they will get a high grade if they study well. Next is the drive theory of motivation, this theory stated that people are motivated to make a certain thing to lessen the worry that is caused by unmet requirements. For example, students might be motivated to study for the sake of reducing the state of innocence. Another theory of motivation is the arousal theory of the motivation, this theory talks about the people who are motivated to do things to moreover decrease or increase the levels of arousals.
MOTIVATION OF PERSONEL Human behavior is a complex issue that is linked by many variables such as ambition, work experience, personal experiences, social environment, the number and the intensity of individual needs. Furthermore, it can an also be viewed as the overall reaction of people to hypokinetic forces. The individual behaves in one way or another, because it meets the motivational forces that act in some specific way. Motivation shall be defined by Robbins, (1993) (as cited in Ramlall, 2004) as: “the willingness to exert high levels of effort toward organizational goals, conditioned by the effort’s ability to satisfy some individual need”. Recently, Tan Shen Kian and Wan Fauziah Wan Yusoff (2012) described motivation as an act that
1. Introduction Gamification offers immediate indication of goal achievement. It is the use of game mechanics in non- game contexts to engage the users in solving problems. It improves the perceived ease of use of information systems. Gamification designers address the user as player to indicate that the motivations of the player are in the center of the gamification design.
Motivation and Emotion Motivation is an area of psychology that has gotten a great deal of attention in the recent years. This is because we all want to make a success of our lives, we all want to be seen as motivated, and we all want direction and drive. A motive or motivation can be defined as a need, interest, desire or want that leads someone in a certain direction. This motivation is what causes us to take action. Gorman (2004) says: “Motivation is an attempt to explain the ‘why’ of all forms of behaviour and is concerned with goal-directed behaviour.” Have you ever asked yourself the question, “What is my motivation for doing a specific task?” We need to know why we need to do something in order to effectively perform it.
However, it should be noted that it is not enough to solely focus on teaching problem-solving skills. In fact, individual emotional and motivational aspects should be considered [17]. Motivation is defined as a desire to make an attempt in order to perform duties and responsibilities and to use individual skills [18]. Academic motivation refers to behaviors that lead to learning and improvement [19]. It includes the tendency to perform well and to spontaneously evaluate one's own performance.
Gamification, a term that is widely used, is the use of game design elements in non-game contexts (Sebastian Deterding, Dan Dixon, Rilla Khaled, & Lennart Nacke, 2011). In other words, it means that importing game elements such as ranking and resources constraints into a non-game application, for example education or work-related application. Recently, gamification had slowly gain popularity among application development. What could be the major reason is the vast popularity of games among all age groups and that the influences caused towards the users. It is known that with gamification concept, the application turns out to be more fun, interesting and higher users’ engagement; thus, creating a better user experience.
Also, the theory of the self-determination motivation emphasized that each student has a desire of “autonomy (experiencing oneself as the origin of one's behavior), competence (sense of a complement) and relatedness (a connection to social group)” (Dörnyei, & Ushioda, 2013, p. 25; Dörnyei, Muir, & Ibrahim, 2014) in their task engagement, and if their needs are met and satified, their intrinsic motivation is enhanced. Deci and Ryan (1985) state that in the field of education, if teachers understand the nature of self-determination in individual’s development, the students ‘intrinsic motivation to willing to participate in a task will rapidly rise. This point leads another progressive perceptions is that teachers should create situations, learning
4) Motivation Motivation is an important concept in modern psychology. It is not possible to understand, explain or predict human behavior without some knowledge of motivation. ( ) Motivation is the effective methods that relate to an individual 's intensity, route and determination of effort towards the achievement of goals. ( ) Motivation is the process of producing and maintaining goal-directed behavior. ( ) Motivation is a psychological process through which unsatisfied wants or needs leads to drives that is aimed at goals or incentives.
Once employees feel these things, it helps them, and thereby their managers, be extra successful. DEFINITIONS Motivation has been defined by different authors in various ways. Gareth Jones, Jennifer George and Charles Hill define motivation as the psychological power that ascertains the direction of a person’s behaviour, a person’s level of power, and a person’s level of persistence in the face of obstacles. David Myers defines motivation as a need or desire that serves to energize behaviour and to direct it towards a goal. Frank Hawkins defines it as something that drives or induces a person to behave in a particular fashion the internal force which initiates, directs, sustains and terminates all important activities.
No doubt that motivation is crucial for students' learning. Thus, studying the three main theories that have been reviewed; namely the self-determination theory, goal theories and attribution theory would be most benefited for learners. - Anjomshoa and Sadighi 2015, carried out a study entitled: "The Importance of Motivation in Second Language Acquisition." Rost 2006 has stated that motivation has been called the “neglected heart” of language teaching. Sometimes teachers forget that all of the activities employed in learning is related tightly to motivation.