Hazardous waste are those wastes that are considered harmful or potentially harmful to human health or the environment. The Environment Agency defines hazardous wastes as those that are either immediately harmful to human health or the environment or potentially harmful in the future. Wastes are classified as hazardous by the Environment Agency if they have one or more of the following properties: explosive, oxidising, highly flammable, flammable, irritant, harmful, toxic, carcinogenic, corrosive, infectious, and toxic for reproduction, mutagenic, sensitising, Eco toxic, or wastes which release toxic or very toxic gases in contact with water, air, or acid.
Hazardous wastes do not include radioactive wastes, decommissioned explosives, waste waters, or animal byproducts. Hazardous and toxic materials are not only produced by industrial sectors.
But also by household sector (Court, Munday, Roberts, & Turner, 2014).
Hazardous and toxic materials are not only produced by industrial sectors. But also by household sector. Hazardous waste is the most difficult waste to be managed, since in the treatment process, heavy metal and dioxin among others are obtained. The outcome elements are dangerous not only for the environment but also for public health. The fundamental rule in managing waste is given by the following hierarchy: prevention, reducing its production, reuse, recycles valuation and deposition.(Couto, Silva, Monteiro, & Rouboa, 2013).
The impact of hazardous waste on the
Chapter 4 describes the horrific consequences of pre-1991 landfills. Humes writes, “Trash, sometimes with hazardous chemical waste mixed in, had been buried carelessly all over the country for decades without installing plastic barriers and other protections now deemed essential to containing landfill pollution”( 2013 p.92). Humes describes a tragic incidence near Niagara Falls, New Jersey in the 1970s. “In the 1950s, there was a residential community near Niagara Falls in New York. The community was built on what had been at one time a toxic chemical disposal site” (Humes, 2013, p.92).
Many different processes produce air contaminants. Dust and fiber are two types of solid particles that may be of concern depending on their nature. Chemical hazards can have several methods of exposure either through skin contact, ingestion, absorption by the skin, and/or by breathing them in. Due to their hazardousness, chemical substances are identified by Safety Data Sheets (SDS) and are required in the workplace for reference. Biological hazards are living organisms and enter the worker which can cause infection and disease.
The waste contains poisonous elements such as plutonium. Low level waste is when the item used as fuel is contaminated or becomes radioactive. Also when material would be exposed to neutron radiation. High Level waste is the byproduct left inside the reactor after the nuclear reactions occur. This byproduct is more radioactive and takes longer to dispose of.
In 2005, many industries emitted large amounts of pollutants into the atmosphere in the area of Sarnia. The Ontario Power Generation 's Lambton Generating Station was ranked number one followed by Imperial oil Sarnia refinery Plant at number two and Shell Canada Sarnia Manufacturing Centre at number three in greatest amount of air releases. These air releases include toxic contaminants and criteria air contaminants (without volatile organic compounds). Table 1 sorts the air pollution from NPRI facilities according to rank in Sarnia area.
The term "health hazard" encompasses the following: • Toxicity – is the ability of a substance to cause a harmful effect. Everything is toxic at some point. Even too much WATER can KILL! • Toxicity vs. Dose o Toxicity – level of poison o Dose – amount exposed to o Less the toxicity, greater dose one can tolerate without ill effects o Greater the toxicity, less dose one can tolerate without becoming sick • Acute vs.
Some of these fumes can cause brain damage if breathed for too long and the Industrial Revolution was one of the biggest causes of pollution. They were
Disposal and handling of hazardous materials such as nappies and body fluids is an important part in the policy. The reason why it is important because it is the changing of children’s nappies and it has to be clean. It is safe for both the children and the staff’s changing the nappy because you won’t get yourself dirty as well as the child. When changing a nappy it is necessary that the staff member wear protective wearing such as gloves and apron, to keep any bacteria you may have away from the child and whatever bacteria the child may have is cleaned up without you catching it.
In Richard Muller’s essay on Chemical Waste in America, he points out many different problems in todays disposal techniques of nuclear waste. He brings in readers by appealing to American citizens with his visual texts, guilt, and how we must start feeling some empathy for our future generations and find a solution to prevent a massive chemical waste epidemic. Mullers argument bases off his visual texts, by showing us a reality that is going on today. Among the visual texts, Muller explains the exact quantity of chemical wastes in the United States by telling his audience that, “we have already generated more than enough nuclear waste to fill up Yucca Mountain,” which is a storage bunker for chemical waste products. Muller even includes a picture of Yucca Mountain so the audience can get a feel for the absurd amount of waste we have built up.
• Hazardous Waste Regulations (Environment Agency) correct bins and colours sacks must be provided and all waste disposed of correctly. Your hygiene is key to keeping you and others you come into contact with safe. Zoonosis is a disease which humans can catch from an infected animal. Regular and effective hand washing is your best defence.
In today’s world, there are many people creating new chemical substances that has negative effect to our world. Rachel Carson, in her article "The Obligation to Endure" argues that the pesticides and other chemicals we use are harmful to more than just the environment. I agree with Carson in her article, in that we should reduce most of the harmful chemical use and instead use technological inventions. Carson is a person who seems very passionate about the environment and is very concerned of its inhabitants. It is hard to believe that intelligent human beings would use bad chemicals substances that would affect the environment and themselves negatively.
The process of food decaying and break down of sewage wastes, results in the release of carbon and methane. Also, fertilizers used for farming release nitrous
Waste Management Inc Is a company that is try to achieve a “zero waste’ in North America. It was founded in 1971 by Wayne Huizenga and Dean Buntrock. They provide services for: • Waste • Recyclables • Yard debris • Hazardous materials collection, • Hauling, treatment and disposal • Dumpster rental • Portable toilet rental • Security services
Industrial and capital hubs in developing countries are similarly characterized by multiple urban sprawls, informal settlements and overcrowding. The local governments or municipalities in many developing countries are highly challenged by mainly poor or weak policy and legislative provisions to regulate and enforce waste management guidelines. They also lack adequate funding and the correct capacity in terms of waste management personnel. All these challenges lead to situations where these local authorities are failing to take effective decisions with regards to solid waste management. It is worth noting that the decisions which municipalities are facing in terms of managing solid waste are not only difficult and capital intensive but they impact greatly on the natural environment as well as on social lives of people, therefore solutions to this issue are a matter of
Aquatic littering can be further categorized into two main sources, namely, land-based sources and marine-based sources. Land-based sources that pollute the marine environment include local drainage systems, fleeting streams and sewage drainage. Industrial, agricultural and domestic activities also play a vital role in causing marine pollution.
• Pollution: Pollution of air, water and soil require millions of years to recoup. Industry and motor vehicles exhaust are the number one pollutants. Heavy Metals, nitrates and plastic are toxins for pollution. While water pollution is caused by oil spill, acid rain, urban runoff; air pollution is caused by various gases and toxins