Language acquirers are not usually conscious of the fact that they are acquiring language, but the aye only aware of the fact that they are using the language for communication. The stages of language acquisition is approached by two stages language acquisition that ; first language acquisition ( native language development ) and second language acquisition. 1. Stages of First Language Acquisition Babling Stage In this stage, we make speech sounds in and out of mother (native) language, moreover we also able to discriminate speech sound. - 0 – 2 months, baby accomplish crying, in this stage baby will cry to express hunger and discomfort.
Language Acquisition “Natural language constitutes one of the most complex aspects of human cognition, yet children already have a good grasp of their native language before they can tie their shoes or ride a bicycle”. ……… said that: The relative simplicity of acqui-sition proposes that when a tyke makes an "estimate" about the structure of dialect on the premise of clearly constrained proof, the tyke has an uncanny propensity to figure right. This firmly proposes there must be a cozy relationship between the components by which the kid secures and forms dialect and the structure. (p)(3) “Language acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language, as well as to produce and use words and sentences
Children obtain schemata and concepts by engaging with their surroundings. The
The years leading up to the concrete operational stage brought about some aspects of these abilities yet it is only during middle childhood that the child begins to understand and interpret them. The ability to conserve, one which is vital and most prominent in children of this age develops as well as the improved ability of flexible problem solving. The skill of interpreting others behaviours, interrelating the things around with your increasing knowledge and the understanding of reversibility are all cognitive abilities which are gradually mastered over the period of middle childhood. This stage of childhood evidently brings about a big change to the child’s process of thinking. They have now developed a more analytical and abstract mind set which will soon develop even further as they mature into the next stage of
Language acquisition In An introduction to language, (Sixth Edition p. 319) Linguistic aptitude develops in stages. These stages are different from one another. There are different stages of language development a child goes through in order to acquire language. Phonological development is the first stage followed by lexical development and syntactic development. The Phonological stage can start at six months and can be a very difficult process for infants to go through and difficult for us adults to grasp or understand.
Despite the fact that the child is still acquiring aspects of his or her native language through the later years of childhood, it is normally assumed that, by the age of five, the child has completed the greater part of the basic language acquisition process. According to some, the child is then in a good position to start learning a second ( or foreign) language. In this chapter, I am really interest about the child's language acquisition from the first months of life until growing up. The child's language acquisition is clearly broken down by grade level also same by age. And I also understand that the deaf children are due to the inaudible can not hear the sound around.
Once they have mastered the five aspects of language they will need to acquire the linguistic knowledge in oral and written forms. The child must have a good grasp of the oral language prior to writing. Oral language are related to literacy development which are the following examples, Vocabulary, Syntactic production, Comprehension, Phonological awareness, and narrative production awareness Phonological : the child has the ability to spell the words correctly while writing. They also have the understanding of the letter sounds. Semantics: the child has an understanding of written and reading vocabulary.
The Acquisition-Learning distinction is crucial because it gives an argument opposing the effortful labor of learning a new language in adults. Krashen (1988) explained that there are two independent ways in which a second language performance can be regarded. The first is the acquired system and is the product of a mind process, a subconscious one that is very similar to the one that happens with children when acquiring their native/mother tongue. This process requires continuous interaction with the target language. On the other hand, Krashen (1988) also explained that the learned system is the result of a very formal way of learning a language that involves the conscious process of being knowledgeable about a language.
This process has been the subject of study of linguists, philosophers and psychologists throughout the history trying to understand and explain how a child makes the use of a language so spontaneously and how they learn it so accurately without any overt instruction. The question is how can children acquire a language and be able to use it in a so astonishing way? For the purposes of this essay I will focus on the process of language acquisition and the importance and influence of the environment as well as how Nature and nurture interact to support its complexity and elaboration throughout a human’s life. Language acquisition starts at birth. The child is exposed to a spoken language and the Phonological system starts working.
However at age near two years, children become adapt to shifting attention between multiple stimuli. Gaze Following in the Service of Vocabulary Acquisition: In vocabulary acquisition, the connection of the signified and signifier is mandatory. For this, it is essential that the attention of children must be drawn to the object in such a way that it would stand distinguished than all other objects, like an object placed in spotlight. At age of two years in young children eye gaze alone is sufficient to support vocabulary acquisition. In an experiment researcher Hollich and his colleagues (2000) found that if the spatial location of the target object is changed in teaching and test, a child of nineteenth months will not demonstrate word acquisition.