Vocabulary is one of the main components of foreign language learning. Different definitions have been proposed for vocabulary. McCarthy (1990) defined vocabulary as “words in specific language or freestanding items of language that have meaning” (p. 17). Vocabulary knowledge is important because it encompasses all the words we must know to access our background knowledge, express our ideas and communicate effectively, and learn about new concepts. Students’ word knowledge linked strongly to academic
didactics of literary education as a science discipline. Course related literature. 2. Basic factors of teaching literature, process of reception, literary communication. Functional, literary, cultural literacy. 3. Characteristics of the reading competence of students at the 2nd stages of elementary schools, or grammar schools; knowledge and skills acquired during the primary
researchers have attempted to investigate "Washback", or the influence of testing on teaching and learning. While it is widely acknowledged that the nature of washback is dependent on context (Burrows, 2004, shih, 2010,Shohamy,Donitsa_ Schmidt & Ferman , 19960).This article argues that the majority of washback studies suggest that positive and negative washback are defined by the presence or absencev of communicative language teaching(CLT). In order to assess this purpose , the researchers examine
1.1 Language Assessment Language assessment serves dual purpose in applied linguistics, first it operationalizes the theories of applied linguistics and, secondly, it provides applied linguistics with data for analyzing language knowledge as well as language use (Clapham, 2000). 1.1.1 Testing and Assessment Language testing and assessment are commonly misunderstood in the field of education as being synonymous terms but they are quite different constructs. A test is defined by Brown (2003) as a method
investigate the activities, tasks and the methods to promote students’ oral skills. In teaching, people who know a language are referred to as “speakers of that language so of all the four skills ( listening, speaking, reading and writing) speaking seems an important component of language classes. Speaking skill is important because it is basic for communication. There are many theories about language teaching but when it comes to practice, some teachers can’t decide the types of activities or tasks that are
WASHBACK OF THE LANGUAGE TESTING: ITS TYPES AND FACTORS Abstract This study focuses on describing the washback of the language testing. This present study reviews some studies related to washback effect of the language testing focuses only on its types and factors. Washback or backwash here is a term of the way in which assessment influences teaching process in classroom. By reviewing the variety of studies, the researcher’s own view about washback will be constructed. This study ends with its explanation
will earn acceptance. That English is a global language has become indisputable in the present context. For capturing, storing, sharing, and accessing imparting and creating knowledge. English is a medium of crucial importance today. Do our English sincerely and seriously at the same time enjoy it. Crucial Important: Language remains the most wonderful and most effective tool of understand the world and to communicate that understanding. Language
Language education that contributes to learning to read and write, as well as literacy development such as knowledge about language, writing, verbal ability, and the ability to process information (Cviko et al., 2011). Technology integration. Applying computer technology, including its techniques and products, to facilitate
H2 English Language and Linguistics is an A level subject offered in Singapore, and has its roots in the equivalent A level English Language, a comparatively successful subject in the UK. Its focus is on using linguistic analysis to enhance understanding of language use. It emphasises the importance of the wider context in studying language, thus, its main focus is on text analysis and sociolinguistics. In fact, the material taught in this course could easily be infused into the English curriculum
methodologies due inadequacy of professionals (Wang, et al., 2015), geographical differences that impacts on generalizations (Smith, 2015), and time pressure that negatively affects the quality of a research (Punch, et al., 2014). Language barrier and lack of literature or poorly done review are other factors that affect psychological research (Willig, 2013). Limitations Limited number of professionals in the psychological research is one of the key limitations to this field of study. Psychological