Lipases: The Manifestation Of Sepase

es are defined as triacyl glycerol acyl hydrolases and are responsible for the hydrolysis of fats and oils to produce glycerol and free fatty acids. Lipases are soluble enzymes in water that act on insoluble substrates and catalyze the hydrolysis of long-chain triglycerides. Lipases play an important role in the food, detergent, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries. In the past, fungal lipases got attention in the industries due to their substrate specificity and stability under a wide range of chemical and physical conditions. Fungal enzymes are extracellular in nature, and they can be isolated easily, which markly reduces the cost and makes this source preferable over bacteria.

Sources

Lipases are found widely in nature, but microbial

Supposing the enzyme is stable at elevated temperatures, the productivity of the reaction can be enhanced greatly at a relatively high temperature. Consequently, thermal stability is a desirable characteristic of lipases.

Substrates of lipases

Lipases are the most applicable biocatalyst and carry out a variety of bioconversion reactions, i.e. hydrolysis, interesterification, esterification, alcoholysis, acidolysis and aminolysis. Lipases can lipolyze a variety of substrates, such as natural oils, synthetic triglycerides and esters of fatty acids. They are resistant to solvents and have broad spectrum biotechnological applications. Lipase conduct transesterification, hydrolysis and esterification and these are the important class of reactions for food technology applications in fats and oil, dairy, pharmaceuticals and bakery industry.

Applications of lipases

Applications in food industry

The enzymes used in industry are mainly utilized in processing of food, primarily for the modification and processing of biomaterials. A lot of fat breaking lipases are produced on industrial scale. A Most of the commercial lipases produced on industrial scale are used for flavor development in dairy products and processing of other food items, such as meat, vegetables, fruit, baked foods, milk products and

Lipases in pulp and paper industry

Lipases are widely used in paper and pulp industry. A compound called pitch or the hydrophobic components of wood (triglycerides and waxes) cause problems in the manufacture of paper and pulp. Lipases are used to degrade or remove such substances from pulp. in Japan, Nippon paper industries is using a pitch controlling method in which lipases from Candida rugosa to hydrolyse up to 90% triglycerides from pulp.

Lipases in detergent industry

As lipases have ability to hydrolyze fats, they are the widely used additives in laundry and household detergents. Lipases used in detergent industry are designed to meet some requirements, i.e. (1)They are less substrate specific so they can hydrolyze fats of different types. (2) They can bear harsh washing conditions. (PH 10-11 and temperature 30 to 60 degree) (3) They are able to bear damaging surfactants and enzymes. Lipases of desired qualities can be obtained from continuous screening and protein