Gerald Graff began his career as a teacher before becoming an author focused on critical theory. “Disliking Books at an Early Age” is one of his publications that focuses on the teaching of critical theory. Graff’s argument is that students should be introduced to theory early in academics because a pure reading experience is impossible. Every person brings their own experiences and questions to a text that influences it. Therefore, literary theory gives them a scholarly way to shape their readings and develop the level of “intellectualspeak” that colleges seem to require, which teaches them the skills needed to discuss literature and add to the scholarly conversation.
They believed that the literary text can be understood entirely by understanding its form. Other than the formal elements discussed previously, linguistic devices of paradox, irony, ambiguity, and tension form a more figurative language that
Linda uses philological techniques to keep her audience engaged in her fragments and she is able to get her point across to others. With Linda 's writing style, she demonstrates with writing assignment examples, this way others can relate to the information that she is giving. Linda uses this technique because she believes that it helps readers to see if they can relate themselves to the situations that she is describing. While going over the readings I believe that Mary and Linda carry some of the same characteristics when it comes to reaching out their audience for writing. It is very important to make the readers feel like they are actually in it.
When looking at recent sociolinguistic discourse analytic research, we look at Keri and Kelsi Matwick’s work. They use the example of media discourse and how the language has been applied to recent sociolinguistics; television cooking shows provide a platform for discussion about food and stories are showed as a way to interpret expectances. Linguistic and structural components are used in explaining a recipe for example. The language that is used in marketing has made its way into informative language that is an intimate exchange of dialogue between the presenter of the cooking show and the viewer (Matwick & Matwick, 2013, p. 152). Another example of recent sociolinguistic discourse would be how politicians present their speeches.
Literature is a medium that enables people to effectively express their opinions and perspectives. Being the vast genre that it is, fiction presents writers with the opportunity to utilize literary devices in their pieces. These devices help in communicating the message of the author’s work. Several fictional texts use common literary devices such as metaphors, similes, symbols, and imagery. These devices allow for writers to personally involve readers with the author’s message.
This new movement was not only an artistic enlightenment, as the artists also practiced self-reflection, but also a politically-charged artistic movement. In their works, artists examined and questioned, authority truths, and values that society had accepted as unquestionable. In his poem, “Of Modern Poetry,” Wallace Stevens discussed the elements that were imperative for a modern poem, so it aligned with the revolutionary theme of the era. According to Stevens, the modern poem
New Historicism, emerging in the late 1970s and gaining wide acceptance during the 1990s, is a methodology and literary theory attaching importance to the context within which a work of literature is produced and is based on the premise that a literary work is a cultural artifact shaped by and shaping the culture within which it emerged, having a dual function: both a product and a producer of culture. In this approach, the literary work and the historical conditions producing it carry the same weight since the text and context are mutually constitutive. As Stephen Greenblatt, the coiner, the major proponent, and the most influential practitioner of new historicism, says: “History and literature are mutually imbricated” (The Greenblatt Reader
Formalism and formalist critics believe that all that is needed to interpret a piece of literature art is in the work itself, through literary forms and techniques. New criticism however, is the revision of these texts once more, but doing so in isolation, separate from political and social preconceptions but still observing the literary form. • New formalism was a movement throughout the 1980s and 1990s in America. It was the resurgence of metred and rhymed poetry, and was very popular amongst the young generation of the time. The literature was more direct in the depiction of emotion and colloquial in diction.
The western intellectual enquiry has undergone tremendous attitudinal as well as perceptional change over the years. The modifications are necessitated by the socio-political predicament of the ages gone into the repository of the past. Innumerable movements and isms have proficiently supplied ideas and ideologies to interpret the literary text from divergent perspective. “If there is such a thing as literary theory, then it would seem obvious that there is something called literature which it is the theory of.” (1) To put it precisely, much earlier critical writings aimed at explicating the nuances which must have involved in literary production. Whereas, the modern critical contributions rest largely on elucidating the technicalities that
INTRODUCTION The concept of 'style' is meant to refer to various aspects of human activity, i.e., the style of a particular person. Linguistically speaking 'style' is used to refer to a distinctive way of using language. Every writer is known by his\her own way of using language to convey ideas and thoughts. Therefore, the study of how language is served to mark a particular writer's style calls on the study of the nature of stylistics. Thus, an accurate and adequate analysis of the literary language is required for an exhaustive comprehension of the work.