Motivation as one of the most famous topic in organizational behavior, is refer to as the reasons that drive or attract people to perform action’s that in line with their desire and needs (Mttoi, 2013). In other words, motivation is the forces lies under an individual behavior that influence his or her intensity, persistence and direction, which are three key elements that constitute motivation. Intensity is concern with how hard an individual tries, persistence is refer to the amount of time he or she can maintain effort, whereas direction is the goals that drive people to action. Motivation can be influence by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic factor refer to as the internal forces that can motivate a person through their inner …show more content…
However, in the case study, Madam Jessy was showed the autocratic leadership style in the organization operation. Autocratic leader also has known as authoritarian leader (Cherry, 2017). The characteristic of the autocratic leadership style is the leader holds authority and responsibility. It is matching the character of the Madam Jessy in the case study that she been appointed by the organization and giving authority in decision making to lead the team to achieve goals or target of the job performance for the organization. Besides, the leader has clear expectations about how and what to be done before decision making as well as without consider any suggestions from subordinates (Raus & Haita, 2011). The autocratic leader plans everything, made unilateral decision and limited employee’s participation in discussion but orders his or her subordinates to work according to their rules. Refer to the case study, Madam Jessy did not listen to HOD’s opinion that insufficient of manpower if transferred of employees to other project, she very confidence and insists that her decision not caused any issued. We cannot deny that she has her way and ability to solve the shortage of manpower issue when discovered the issue based on her experience and no caused any losses to the organization. Meanwhile, the autocratic leadership caused demotivation to their followers. According to Michael (2010), most followers of autocratic leaders in fact can be described as biding their time, waiting for the certain failure this leadership produces and the removal of the leader that they follow. The autocratic leadership style is more suitable during crises situations when need the decision making in rapidity and accurately (Raus & Haita,
It is essential for leaders to maintain a positive attitude while guiding follower through crisis. “In times of crisis it is essential for leaders to communicate with the organizations ' employees and stakeholders about the situation. ”(Fragouli, Ibidapo, 2015). Also, a leader should understand when is the appropriate moment to get involved and when to let others be in charge. Robert Dees (2014) in the presentation “Leadership Before, During, and After Crisis” described that leaders sometimes are responsible for fomenting the crisis by trying to solve a situation that they might not have the proper knowledge about it.
(Cherry, 2016) Autocratic leaders normally settle on decisions in view of their thoughts, ideas and judgments and rarely acknowledge guidance or advice from followers. Autocratic leadership includes absolute, authoritarian control over a gathering. primary characteristics of autocratic leadership include, practically no contribution from members, group leaders manage all the work method, strategies and procedures, group members are infrequently trusted with choices or important assignments or tasks and lastly leaders settle on the choices and decisions. Autocratic leadership can be advantageous at times but there are additionally many occasions where this style can be problematic.
During outdoor Education there are many activities to engage in, whilst participating in these activities the leader has a duty of care for the group. The duty of care is dependant of the risk of the activity, higher risk activities including rock climbing, adventure caving and aquatic activities have a higher level of duty of care. To provide Duty of care the leader must take actions in preventing risks, The importance of formally assessing risks and documenting risk management strategies is now recognised as an essential part of meeting duty of care obligations, and showing, if called upon to do so, that this has been done (Haddock, c. 1993.). There are 7 recognized ways of reducing risk according to the “managing risks in outdoor Activities”,
Motivation at workplace There are two dimensions of motivation; internal and external. Internal motivation refers to personal interest in doing something and external motivation refers to be persuaded by someone’s activity. The characteristics of motives are identified as: individualistic, changing, may be unconscious, often inferred, and hierarchical (Reece, 2014). Most important fact to understand motivation is the theories. Many motivational theories have been developed over time to study human behavior at the workplace.
Therefore, management is important and very much needed. The Authoritarian, Democratic, and Laissez management style are all different and all effective depending on the situation. If one style or approach is not successful when resolving and issue, another style is available to eliminate a hostile situation from
In fact, individual emotional and motivational aspects should be considered [17]. Motivation is defined as a desire to make an attempt in order to perform duties and responsibilities and to use individual skills [18]. Academic motivation refers to behaviors that lead to learning and improvement [19]. It includes the tendency to perform well and to spontaneously evaluate one's own performance. Experts have devided motivation into two main groups, namely intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.
In one of my courses, social organizational psychology, it shaded light on organizational behaviors. In the class, there are many theories to improve well-being of the people in organization. To understand more about it and know how to apply those theories in real life organizational problem, I have a chance to interview my own mother about her problem in the work life. She works at PTT Public Company Limited, one of the most famous petroleum company in Thailand. It is the company which has large number of employees and contains many departments.
Contents A1. 2 Motivation 2 Introduction 2 Similarities of Motivational Theories 2 Conclusion: 3 References: 3 A2 4 Stress Management 4 Stress Management Strategies 4 Reference 5 A3 6 Personality 6 Biological Factors 6 Other Determinants of Personality 7 References 7 B1 8 C1 9 A1. Motivation Introduction Motivation is internal and external factors that stimulate desire and energy in people to be continually drawn and committed to a job, role or subject, or to make an effort to accomplish a goal. Motivation results from the interaction of both conscious and unconscious factors such as the intensity of desire or need, incentive or reward value of the goal, and expectations of the individual and of his or her peers.
This causes the highest level of discontent in his sub-ordinates. This style of leadership works when there is no need for input for the decision to be made. The motivation of the people is unruffled irrespective of being involved or not involved in decision – making to carry out subsequent tasks/actions. 2. DEMOCRATIC
Mosadeghard (2003) had pointed out different styles of leadership. These styles are: autocratic, bureaucratic, laissez-faire, charismatic, democratic, participative, situational, transactional, and transformational leadership. Aioanei (2006) explained that in autocratic leadership style, organization is highly centralized. Leaders are more concerned with the tasks to be performed rather than developing relations. In this type of leadership employees are less involved and most of the decisions are made by the management.
Bass and Avolio (1993) pointed out that leadership style is based on behavior areas from laissez-fair (no leadership) to participative (take inputs from subordinate but ultimate decision making with the leader) through transactional leadership (which depends on reward system and punishments) to transformational leadership (which is based on inspiration and behavioral charisma) and ultimately Autocratic leadership (absolute power on decision making). The researcher selected above approach since it has been developed recently and efficiently demonstrated through research findings. The various components are further elaborated below; 1. Laissez-fair Style Laissez-fair leaders are characterized as an avoidant leader who may uninvolved with their subordinates. As per Mondy and Premeaux (1995), these leaders let group members to make all decisions.
Motivation is the force that pushes us to do things: It is a result of everyone needs being satisfied so that employees have the inspiration and ability to complete the respective task given. So will employees be motivated and perform to their capability by giving them good welfares, benefits and money? Money makes the world go round, it can be considered as an engine to push human’s limits but peers motivation and intrinsic desire to a good job are the real motivators in today’s workplace. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation There are two types of motivation, intrinsic or extrinsic.
Before I attend to this class, I think Organizational Behavior (OB) is a concept how behavior affects the management, leadership and relationship among people in an organization resulting from the meaning of OB word by word. Nevertheless, this assumption was changed after I attend the Organizational Behavior class, which has the subject code BUS 314 thanks to my lecturer- Mr. Nguyen Dinh Hoang, who put huge efforts to inspire me to learn this subject. At the beginning of this course, he drew an overview of Organizational Behavior, is a field of study that explores the impact of three determinants: individual, groups and structure of an organization.
Motivational theory. Motivation can be defined as one wish to fulfill a goal which is connected with the energy and one’s determination to fulfill it. There are two driving factors of motivation. The first one is intrinsic motivation which means that it comes from within a person. The second one is extrinsic motivation which means that it is the outside forces which is not controlled by an individual (Cherry, 2015).
Motivation refers to the process by which a person’s efforts are energized, directed, and sustained towards attaining a goal. This definition contains three main elements which are energy, direction and persistence. Firstly, energy element is a measure of intensity or drive as how much does the motivated person tried. For direction, it states that the employees` effort that directed toward, and consistent with, target organizational goals of their company. Finally, motivation includes a persistence dimension which persist them in putting effort to achieve the goals.