Privacy And Health Information Technology (HIT): A Case Study

Justice Clark’s dissent emphasized the importance of confidentiality: “Until today’s majority opinion, both legal and medical authorities have agreed that confidentiality is essential to effectively treat the mentally ill and that imposing a duty on doctors to disclose patient threats to potential victims would greatly impair treatment” (Tarasoff v. Regents of University of California, 1976, p. 20). If patients are unable to trust their therapist completely, then it is likely that they will not be as open during their sessions, which will make it difficult for the therapist to accurately diagnose and treat the patients. The decision by the court places the therapist in a difficult position. A therapist could utilize the ethical principle of beneficence, defined as acting in ways that benefit another and prevents harm, in determining the best way to act to benefit both the patient and protect the third party. Per the ruling of the court, “when a therapist determines, or pursuant to the standards of his profession should determine, that his patient presents a serious danger of violence to another,” he is required to warn the victim of that “danger” (Felthous, 2006, p. 339).

This could result in malpractice or lack of care standards on the part of the case manager. The case manager needs to talk to the physicians to ensure they are clearly communicating their patients' condition and that they are on board with the plan care all way to the discharge plan. (Hogue & Prudhomme, 2012) Another point is documentation on a patient. There is a saying in the medical field if you didn’t document it didn’t happen, make sure as a case manager, everything you do is fully documented in the patient record. Develop habits that are good, you always want to document on a client when everything is fresh.

There are a number of cases that have been filed by prison inmates for Cruel and Unusual Punishment that are again in my opinion totally unethical. The cases that are most disturbing are those brought by individuals who want to have sex reassignment surgery. Tax payer should not be responsible for a personal choice. If there is a need for counseling that is great, do it. But when it comes to providing hormone therapy or clothing for a gender that an inmate is not born but relates himself/herself with, is going a bit too

Paramedics must communicate effectively and appropriately to service users, relatives and other healthcare professionals, failure to do so may result in disciplinary action (HEALTH AND CARE PROFESSIONS COUNCIL 2012). When healthcare professionals communicate ineffectively Important information can be misinterpreted, creating confusion, ambiguity and anxiety, leading to hostile situations (McCABE & TIMMINS 2006).In England between 2011 and 2012, 10,986 complaints were made in relation to ineffective communication, and a further 12,571 related to the attitude of staff (NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE 2012). This emphasises the importance of ensuring that the health care professional’s verbal and non-verbal communication both convey the same positive

Latessa explains how we shouldn't treat offenders for thing that do not link to them. Don’t treat someone who is a heavy drug user with a treatment built for people with anger issues. When the correctional system places these low risk offenders in programs meant for high risk offenders, it reduces the chances of it being effective because it doesn’t apply to that particular offender hence the “one size fits all” idea, it’s very ineffective. Latessa also spoke on many other reasons that causes recidivism treatment

The ethical dilemma identified where not only I just treatment of inmates but also the ability of institutional privilege to remove rights and access to press with little rebottle. After years of legal pursuits the system was forced to acknowledge the rights of inmates and the public’s access to knowledge. Though on a larger scale the issue of inhuman treatment of inmates has not been resolved the exposure has officials thinking different. The passing of bills are now allowing more access and rights to the inmates and press. Ensuring that the victims are not being silenced by an instructions is the result of the thickly dilemma.

Healthcare professionals should have a clear understanding from the beginning of their jobs to provide care that is catered to their patient’s needs and does no harm to their patient, yet some caretakers tend to walk the fine line between what is ethical and what is convenient. In Carolyn Buppert’s article, “Can I Prescribe for My Elderly Father?”, Buppert describes a situation involving nurse practitioners prescribing medications to family members for different reasons; nevertheless, this is a violation of the principle of justice because it is against the law to provide medications to family members without proper medical documentation (citation). Not only do ethical situations arise within the professional standpoint but also most workers who do not have day to day contact with patients do not realize that they must also provide care that follows the four principles. For instance, a chef that prepares the meals for the patients may not realize that the principle of nonmaleficence affects them, but if they were to prepare a meal that consists of nuts for a patient who has a known nut allergy, then they would be causing harm to the patient. Although the chef may not have been aware of the allergy, it is still could affect the treatment given to the patient if he or she has a reaction to the food.

The American Nurses Association (ANA) approved that address ethical practice issues such as empathy and respect .The nurse primary compliance to patient , patient advocacy, accountability , duties ,responsibility and participation in the health care (shrestha& jose ,2014). With today changes, nurses face cases such as heavy workload, lack of resources, increased patient awareness, low occupational ,various problems related to staff skills, life quality and workplace violence. In But, there is the anticipation that nurses should treat patients in an ethical manner and put ethics first in their professional performance. Across the world, nurses are guided to use professional codes that highlight their obligation to respect, protect and safeguard the essential rights of the patient involved in nursing and health care(Sharifabad

The Francis report is clear confirmation that when the 6C’s, a therapeutic relationship and ethical boundaries are ignored in patient care it becomes a major barrier that leads poor healthcare. (Department of Health, 2013). It is evident that a therapeutic relationship and effective communication underpins good healthcare (Brown & Bylund, 2008). Communication is therapeutic and building relationships is the cornerstone of nursing work, particularly with patients who have learning disabilities or mental health issues (Clarke, 2012). With such patients, nurses have to consider emotional factors as the patients may find it hard to listen, concentrate and communicate if they are emotionally, scared, anxious or maybe just do not understand the

Professionals should tell patients about the costs of tests to be transparent. No doubt, testing, and screening are costly, and some may be labeled preventive care that isn’t covered by insurance may not pay for. Further testing may be better to establish a diagnosis. Repeated testing may be overwhelming to patients, but it’s preferable to giving a wrong diagnosis. In the video of the story of HELA, the ethical barriers are portrayed because Henry’s family was confused by the language health professionals used.

It’s against the constitutional right to deny any particular care to the inmates who are sick while in jail. If the inmates become very ill and needs open heart surgery or any heart transplants, they deserve to receive medical care regardless of what facility they are. I must advocate for the process of caring for the inmates until the end of life. I should first check the advance directives for the patient. If the patient become worse, these patients should be sent to the hospice institutions where the palliative care can be provided to the patients (Clark, C., 2010,