Parametric tests Parametric tests are used when the population is normally distributed, i.e. a bell-shaped curve which is symmetrical about the mean and is spread according to the value of standard deviation. Parametric tests are useful when the scales of
3.1 Introduction In this chapter the coverage is on the research design and methodology, including sampling, population, establishing rigour during and after data collection, ethical considerations and data analysis. 3.2 Research Strategy This study used quantitative research strategy. According to Newman, quantitative research goes from reviewing and defining directly to developing hypotheses and collecting data. In quantitative analysis, this is called the derivation of hypotheses. “The researcher examines the literature and, based upon this process, he or she derives theoretical expectations, which become the derived hypotheses (Newman, Ridenour, & Ridenour, 1998).
Inferential Data Analysis Inferential statistical analysis always involves the process of sampling and the selection of a small group assumed to be related to the population from which it is drawn. Provides the concepts of statistical inference and the central limit theorem. Researchers used common inferential statistical procedures like ‘t’ test. Descriptive Statistical Measures Provides summary information about the distribution, Variability and Central Tendency of a
On the other hand, Howe et al. (1997) find no evidence of deterministic patterns in Australia and Hong Kong equity returns. 3. Research Methodologies 3.1. Rescaled range (R/S) analysis Whether the stock price movement follows a random walk or not can be detected by the rescaled range analysis or R/S analysis.
To define what is normal in case of height, weight, WBC count, haemoglobin percentage etc. Normal is not the central value but it is the range of variation on either side of the average or mean within accepted
Characteristics of Statistics Statistics are the aggregate of facts: Single or isolated facts or figures cannot be called statistics as they cannot be compared or related to other figures with in same frame work. statistics are affected by multiple causes: The term statistical data can be used only when we cannot predicts exactly the values of the various physical quantities.It mean that the numerical values of any quantity at any particular moment is the result of the action and interaction of any quanlity.
The results obtained can be used to make educated and informed decisions. Throughout this paper I show my understanding of the basics and importance of statistics that I have learned in this course. Descriptive Statistics In our lecture we learned that descriptive statistics provides crucial information in four main areas, location which show central tendencies and includes mean, mode, and median. Consistency, which show the variability in the data and includes range, variation, and standard deviation. Position, which measures how relative placement data, and where a specific data point lies within the data set, and includes measures such as z-score, percentile, quartile.
Density of Population Density: The term density is referred to as mass per unit area. It is through this technique that we can distinguish whether, in case of geography, if an area has a high or a low density. Population Density: Population Density can be described as the number of people per square kilometer. It gives us an idea of how much land is used by the people living in a particular area. However, in simple terms we can state that “density is basically the ratio of total individuals occupying some space in relation to the size of that particular area.”1 It must be noticed that density of population varies from place to place due to several factors.
3.3.2 Actual study An actual study will be done after verifying the suitability of research methodology. The actual study is conducted in order to data collection and data analysis. The data collected from the actual study will be determined the depth and width meaning on the contextual data with associated by lecturers which engaging in informal learning, informal learning activities which are useful for informants and implications of informal learning. Actually, the research instrument of actual study is same as the pilot study which is included consent form, information sheet, approval letter and an interview guide. All of the document of researcher instrument is bring together when interview proceeds.
INTRODUCTION Statistics deals with methods which help in estimating the characteristics of a population or making decisions concerning a population on the basis of the sample results. Sample and population are the two relative terms. A population is treated as universe and a sample is fraction or segment of the universe. Statistics describe the data and consists of the methods and technique used in the collection, organization, presentation and analysis of data in order to describe the various features and characteristics of such data. These can either be graphical or computational.