Molecular Biology tells us about Biology at molecular level. It discusses molecular techniques like cloning, PCR, blotting etc. It primarily concerns understanding how various cellular systems interact in terms of the way DNA, RNA and protein synthesis function. What is Genetics? Genetics is the study of genes, heredity and genetic variation in living beings.
A Systems theory is hence a theoretical perspective that analyzes a phenomenon seen as a whole and not as simply the sum of elementary parts. The focus is on the interactions and on the relationships between parts in order to understand an entity’s organization, functioning and outcomes. This perspective implies a dialogue between holism and reductionism (Mele, Pels, & Polese, 2009). Systems theory is an interdisciplinary theory about every system in nature, in society and in many scientific domains as well as a framework with which we can investigate phenomena from a holistic approach (Capra, 1997). Systems thinking come from the shift in attention from the part to the whole, considering the observed reality as an integrated and interacting unicuum of phenomena where the individual properties of the single parts become indistinct (Checkland, 1997; Jackson, 2003).
Ecosystems theory The ecological systems perspective focuses on the goodness of fit between individuals and their environment while looking at long-term, sustainable change. It identifies that “the parts of the system can never be entirely separated from each other (Mattaini & Mayer, 2002, p.6 as cited in Healy, 2014).” Bronfenbrenner (1979, as cited in Healy, 2014) identified the various complex layers of microsystem, mesosystem and macrosystem in supporting the well-being on individuals. The microlevel includes components such as family, friends, home and community, the mesolevel includes components such as schools and community services and the macrosystem includes policies, laws, government and larger institutions. Looking holistically
After new techniques were developed and more information was made available, the study led by Gustavo Burin from Department of Ecology, University of São Paulo, aim to explicitly prove the effect of diet on evolutionary processes. The evolutionary processes they focused on are extinction and speciation in which birds separate to form new and different species and transition in which birds change their diet category. Birds were chosen as their main model of study due to the large and orderly classified diversity of birds and vast sources of information available. Furthermore, birds show many distinct and varied behaviour and life processes. Some birds only feed on a certain type of food and are known as specialized feeders.
Introduction The topic that will be discussed is biometry/biostatistics. Biostatistics encompasses a lot of different fields put together. It is important in medicine, pharmacy, agricultural and fishery. It is useful because combines two subjects together(Biology and Mathematic), not only that, it is also used to improve different assortments of analytical methods. Biological Perspective of Biostatistics and It's Foundation Biostatistics is a theory and methodology for the acquisition and use of quantitative evidence in biomedical research (i.e.
Brief history a. Development of Systems Theory Aristotle’s Holism claims that knowledge originates from the comprehension of the whole instead of the single parts. In terms of their relative dynamics as well as their contents, researchers have been struggling with systems and parts (Mele, Cristina et al). Ludwig Von Bertanlanffy; a biologist, evolved this historic effort during the last century into a system known as “Systems Theory” (Mele, Cristina et al). Systems theory is an interdisciplinary theory about each framework in nature, within communities and in numerous scientific departments and additionally a structure with which we can research phenomena from comprehensive method (Mele, Cristina et al).
The general systems theory can be explained as elements, which are in exchange and which are bounded. This system is in exchange and it is also interrelated to an environment which has mobility, linkages, interdependence. It can be in sync with the environment and such system can be balanced or homeostatic. The ecological approach to the systems theory has historical references from the early work of Germain (1973). The approach was viewing the social work practice in a different light, emphasising the importance of the adaptive balance organism and the environment.
Systematic theology as a field of study of Christian theology theorizes a regular, logical and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs. The Christian doctrine has gone through philosophical evolution over the course of history. Systematic theology draws on such doctrines and fundamental sacred texts of Christianity. At the heart of the system of theological thought is the development of method; one that can be applied universally or specifically. The Systematic theology in this essay will explore God (theology proper), God’s attributes, the Trinity as followed by trinitarian christians, et cetera.
It remained a change of emphasis rather than a new philosophical position. Attempts were made to find out in the idea of organism in biology. The emergence of biological form and the relationship between biological and ecological systems, but these, too, were in the long run reducible to simpler parts, their properties and the relation between them. Even systems theory, although it talked more about the complexity of aggregates, does so in terms of causal feedback loops between various constituent parts. It’s only evident with quantum theory and the reliance of the being or identity of quantum entities within their contexts and links that are genuinely new, "deep" holism
Townsend et al. (2008) 1. Most animals are unitary organisms; they are both genetically and physiologically separate and therefore these individuals can be easily recognised or set apart. Unitary organisms develop from zygote to adult with determinant form – not modified by environmental conditions. On the other hand, modular organisms form new functional modules (ramets – subunit of the genet that is physiologically viable as an autonomous fragment) from a single genetically unique individual (the genet).