Introduction In seeking to answer the question I propose to examine certain aspects of Augustus’ rise to power and the way he obtained and exercised his auctoritas/Ἀξιώματι/influence and became the de facto if not de jure, sole ‘leader’ for Rome. Looking at the auctoritas and potestas/Έξουσίας/powers he had and the way he exercised them was he the first emperor of Rome having destroyed the Republic, did he actually save the Republic? given the state it was in or did he do something else? The argument presented here is that Augustus did not destroy the Republic. His use of his powers and his positions were within the Republican framework of the time – even if, on occasions, at its accepted margins.
The Influence of Confucianism, Legalism, and Buddhism on Chinese Empires and Society The history of the ancient China is filled with explorations and reforms of the most suitable, effective, and adaptable state ideology for different empires and the society ruled. Up till Tang dynasty, since the early emperors themselves had little idea what would be ideal and what would not, different ideologies were endorsed in a much experimental way, among which three major ideologies played important roles in shaping the Chinese empires that advocated them and affecting the values and behaviors of the society under the rule of these empires. These three ideologies are Legalism, Confucianism, and Buddhism, and were adopted by Qin, Han, and Tang dynasty respectively. However, these three ideologies differ from each other in many dimensions, including the first premise on human nature, the view on law versus morality, and the philosophy of government. Legalism, the state ideology of Qin Dynasty, sought the best way to build a power central government and emphasized on the importance of law over ethical morality.
Confucius took a diametrically opposite approach from the legalists. Confucianism is the tradition of thought and practice that is associated with Confucius and his followers, such as Mencius and Xunzi. Confucius never saw himself as a social innovator. Rather he considered himself a transmitter of traditional value and practices, with his own interpretations. Ancient Chinese tended to look toward the past a golden age, purer than present, as a font of ideas and traditions that
In his introduction to the Precedents, the Qianlong emperor states that previous non-Han Chinese dynasties who turned their back on their sartorial traditions eventually failed. This underlines Manchu anxieties about the importance of dress and accessories to the smooth running of the Chinese world. The Qing were minority Manchu rulers of a predominantly Han Chinese empire, who took control of China from the Ming dynasty in 1644. According to costume historian, John Vollmer, however while the Precedents were ‘ostensibly … concerned with preserving Manchu-style clothing and, with it Manchu identify’, nevertheless, he suggests in fact the changes indicate an eighteenth century shift towards Confucianism and ‘the ideas of the Chinese imperial
People commonly believe that European colonizers maintained their dominance over the colonized subjects by labeling the identities of the subjects as uncivilized and inferior compared to those of the imperial powers. This notion is legitimate to the extent that colonial discourses have their primary goal in stabilizing the power of the colonial authority. However, when Bhabha discusses colonial discourse of mimicry, he argues that the case of mimicry was different from what was expected, since it led to a reversal in power between the colonizer and the colonized. If people continue to neglect this distinctive outcome of mimicry and believe that all colonial strategies were successful in stabilizing the power structure, they will fail to recognize
Britain’s royal heritage is a big part of its tourist attraction, not to mention the impossibility of measurement of quantity but fundamental efforts that the Queen in effect performs on overseas trips. The monarchy is blamed for installing elitism and the class system (superiority), but it could be only seen in imagination that those things would disappear in a republican system. They still do exist in America. While the monarchies of countries like Denmark, Sweden and Norway are among the most equality based and promoting ones abilities rather than class privileged population. It is criticized for damaging democracy due to a major reason of the Queen retaining vast constitutional powers.
Ancient China was the center of the ancient world because they saw themselves as the middle kingdom. Influence of 2 ancient Chinese dynasties, the Qin dynasty and the Han dynasty, was astounding, as they made new innovations and techniques in their government. Their success was largely due to access to immense amounts of resources and innovative technologies that both dynasties used to have leverage civilizations nearby, and use for trade on the silk road. Quality of life for people living under the Qin dynasty wasn’t as good as compared to people living under Han rule. The Qin dynasty adopted Legalism as the dominant source of control over the people they ruled over while the Han dynasty adopted Confucianism to give merit or family connections.
Taoism Taoism is an indigenous chinese religion and a philosophy which has roots from ancient shamanism. It has lived through centuries in China as a religion aside Confucianism and Buddhism and as a philosophy aside Confucianism. As a philosophy it is mainly the opposite of Confucianism, because Confucianism praised laws and order but Taoism is more about people having minimal restrictions in order to live happily. The Taoist religion was created from the Taoist philosophy and as a philosophy and religion it has had a huge influence in China and in eastern Asia. Although, as a religion it would outline all the seven dimensions it is debatable if it is more of a philosophy.
Some of the first emperors such as Qin Shi Huang of the Qin dynasty that have had Taoism as a religion Some might say that Taoism Should not Be The official religion, But some people in China build their life around Taoism and the culture.Taoism has a big impact in China from what it means, How it affects people, and why it’s popular . Taoism is one of the oldest religions in Asia.According to Roger T . Ames , “Daoism, also
But, a mature bourgeois humanism was impossible for the nascent, weak, dependent middle-class and its adherence to the medieval Neo-Vaisnavite ideas, particularly its sense of resignation and that of the other world, significantly diluted the humanist content. But, when the Romantic literature gave way to realist, modernist and leftist literatures in post-Independence period, the current of humanism did not fail to flow in different forms even through these new