Your stomach is a hollow organ that holds food whilst it is being broken down by the enzymes. There is also strong acid released by the glands in the lining of the stomach which helps break down food into a more useable form and also aids in the destruction of most ingested bacteria. After the contents have successfully been broken down they are released into the small intestine. The small intestine is a 22 foot long tube that helps to break down the food with enzymes released from the pancreas and bile released form the liver. In this organ the process of Peristalsis is at work, pushing the food further and further through the small intestine towards the colon.
Introduction Gallbladder is an organ in the body and it is part of the biliary system. It is a pear-shaped muscular sac that is located on the ventral surface of the liver and on the right side of the abdomen. Moreover, it has 3 layers; an outer serous peritoneal layer, a middle smooth muscle layer and the last layer is an inner mucosal layer which is connected to the lining of the bile duct. The main function of the gallbladder is to store and concentrate bile which helps the body to break down and digest fats. The liver produces bile which flows into the gallbladder through the bile ducts.
The gut is a tube that starts at the mouth and ends at the anus. The upper gut includes esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. Our stomach acid helps you to digest food and protects you against infection. A layer of mucus lines your stomach, esophagus and bowel to act as a fence against this acid. If the mucous layer is damaged, your stomach acid can irritate the tissues underneath; or if the valve at the top of your stomach isn’t working properly, stomach acid can irritate the esophagus, leading to indigestion.
Part 3 – THE STOMACH Now comes the extremely important stomach. Like the mouth, within the stomach both mechanical and chemical digestion take place. The stomach has the ability to expand due to folds in the stomach wall known as rugae (Stomach). Why have this ability? To allow for more food to be contained!
Some general precautions include the following. • Control salt intake • Drink 6-8 glasses of water a day. • Don’t eat a lot of fried foods and junk food. • Get enough rest. • Exercise regularly.
Some people who have milder forms of the disease can reduce their symptoms just by eating a healthy, low-fat diet. For severe pancreatic insufficiency, vitamin supplements are necessary part of your treatment to treat vitamin deficiencies. You may also need medication to treat abdominal pain. Doctors usually advise taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) like ibuprofen, but if this does not bring relief, stronger pain relievers, such as oxycodone and hydrocodone may be prescribed. Home Remedies It is important for you to take care of yourself by modifying your lifestyle to prevent symptoms.
The gastrointestinal tract is a home for complex community of commensal bacterial species. This gut microbial community also known as microbiota has co-evolved with its host over millennia and provides benefits to its host in many ways such as digestion, detoxification, production of nutrients, protection against pathogens and regulation of immune system. Immune system plays important role in maintaining the body healthy health by elimination of pathogens. CD4+ T cells in particular, play key role in the adaptive immune system and located in the lamina propria (LP) of the intestine. Microbiota plays important role in the development of CD4+ T cells.
Digestive system – It includes alimentary canal and digestive gland. Alimentary canal – a) Mouth –*It is a large median aperture located at the base of vestibule. *Mouth is surrounded by velum, which work as valve and filter. *Velum is supported by velar ring and bears tentacles that prevent undesirable objects from entering the digestive cavity.
a) Inguinal hernia: Here the abdominal contents protrude through the inguinal canal (passage in the lower abdominal wall just above the inguinal ligament.It is seen on either side).This type is common in males.Initially the swelling comes only while straining and goes back while lying down. Later the large portion of intestine may come out which may not go back easily. b) Femoral hernia: This type of hernia is more in females.Here the abdominal contents pass through the femoral canal which is seen just below the junction between the thigh and lower abdominal wall(Inside the femoral triangle).The contents pass downwards and comes out through saphenous opening in the thigh and forms a swelling under the
Joined to the oesophagus via the lower oesophageal sphincter, the stomach is present as a part of the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT). It serves as a temporary depot of food, mechanically breaks down food into tinier particles, aids in the digestion of proteins and controls the flow of chyme into the duodenum.1The stomach is further subdivided into fundus, body, antrum and pylorus. Gastric emptying results from the net effects of propulsive forces within the stomach and the resistance to flow offered by the pyloric sphincter.2 The gastro-intestinal (GI) motility is associated with cyclic contractile actions while in fasting condition, which is known as migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) that occur every 1.5 to 2 h. Hence, the gastric residence