Model Of Human Occupation (MOHO)

Model for The Lumiere Project

3.1.1 The Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) The Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) was developed by Kielhofner, Burke and Igi in the late 1970s and the early 1980s (Turner, Foster and Johnson, 2003). Later, the model was revised and improved in the early 1990s. Basically, MOHO focuses on the importance of dynamic nature of occupational performance and the role of occupational performance in order to maintain an organisational of system and attaining change. The human system, the environment and the task are believed by Kielhofner may contribute to occupational performance. For instance, in The Lumière Project, therapist may consider the context, meaning and the actual performance of elderly in performing the income

From its point of view, the body is a functioning machine that made up of specific parts that may be damaged by disease or injury. This frame of reference is based in the desire to explain function anatomically and physiologically and it assumes successful human motor activity is based of physical mobility and strength and participation in activity involving repeated specific graded movements that maintains and improves function. Besides, it also assumes activity can be graded gradually to meet particular demands within an intervention programme. According to the biomechanical frame of reference, physical function can be promoted by using media and equipment to promote physical function in which it can be applied to a variety of creative and constructive activities and use specific techniques for measuring movements, strength and

It is used in occupational therapy to promote mobility, strength and activity tolerance as known as stamina. The necessity to improve range of movement, muscle strength and endurance has also been reduced by modern medical and surgical techniques that no longer need long-term immobilisation. The mechanistic compartmentalisation of functional performance into physical actions opposes the holism and humanism of occupational therapy’s philosophy. The management of the individual’s total needs not only involve overcoming specific biomechanical dysfunction, mobility being only one part of function. Nevertheless, the principles of the biomechanical approach may form a part, if not the whole of the therapeutic programme because mobility is an important aspect of life, (Turner, Foster and Johnson, 2003).

The scenario of changing nature of occupational therapy practice that can be seen in the shift from hospital to community-based work as well as the increase in the proportion of people with complex, chronic disabilities and neurological conditions further limits the use of this approach. Increased awareness of the merits of broadly based intervention as opposed to specialisation may further lessen the importance of this frame of reference in the total intervention programme (Turner, Foster and Johnson,