Linguistic Narration
As a proximal item of the temporal deixis, ‘now’ puts emphasis on the narration taking place at the present time of the character’s discourse rather than the narrator’s discourse. In fact, here, we have two kinds of time: one in the present experienced by the character at the level of the narration, and the other, usually in the past, narrated by the narrator. The narrator usually tells the story in the past tense. In fact, she/he is narrating the events which have happened before the time of narrating, and the narrator begins to narrate after the events have come to their own end. Now, when this narrator, who is narrating the events in the past time, uses such deictic expressions as ‘now’ and ‘here’ which usually indicate to the present time, …show more content…
According to Humburger (1973) deictic temporal adverbs make the past tense lose its past-ness: “now, here we encounter the objective grammatical symptom which in all its inconspicuousness provides decisive proof that the past tense of fictional narration is no statement of past-ness: the fact that deictic temporal adverbs can occur conjointly with the past tense” …show more content…
In fact, this ‘conjoint occurrence’ of present adverbs with the past tense verb takes place in FID. In the same vein, Weinrich (1964, cited in Bronzwaer 1975, p. 55) talks about two types of verb-forms: ‘discussing mode’ and ‘narrative mode’: the former we use “to discuss the WORLD” in the present verb; the later we use “to narrate the WORLD” in the past verb (ibid, original writer’s emphasis). Accordingly, the present adverbial temporal deixis such as ‘now’ concurs with the first type of the verb-form, and the past adverbial temporal deixis such as ‘then’ concurs with the second type of the verb-form. As a result, FID can be the combination of these two types of the verb-form. Having reviewed Weinrich’s two types of the verb-forms critically, Bronzwaer (1975) takes the temporal deixis ‘now’ not only as a marker of “personal narrative situation, or a personal POV, and a signal of free indirect style” (p. 59) which can occur in FID passages, but also a marker of “narrative foreground” (ibid, p. 60), and a “point of articulation in the narrative structure” (ibid, p.
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Flashback In The Scarlet Ibis
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Rhetorical Analysis Of Mother Tongue
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Oral Language: The Six Components Of Reading
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Examples Of Narrative Criticism
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