According to world health organization (WHO) estimation there is around 1.25 billion smoker worldwide [1] and about 4– 37.2 % of pregnant women smoke regularly [2, 3]. Waterpipe smoking becomes an international new trend of smoking [4]. Many waterpipe smokers believe that this type of smoking is less lethal and addicting than cigarette smoking [5]. The prevalence of waterpipe smoking is increased dramatically among several countries especially among youth [6, 7]. Of interest, the prevalence of waterpipe smoking is increased among pregnant women as well [8, 9].
Waterpipe smoke contains significant amount of nicotine, tar, heavy metals (like arsenic, chromium and lead) [10], polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [11] and high levels of carbon monoxide [12]. The nicotine yield of a single waterpipe smoking session is higher than that of typical cigarette [13]. However, the plasma peak of nicotine does not differ between waterpipe and cigarette smoking [14]. Of notion, nicotine concentrates in fetus more than that of maternal levels [15]. Additionally, the peak carboxyhemoglobin level and the amount of smoke inhaled are higher in waterpipe smoke as compared to cigarette smoke [16-18]. Nicotine smoking during pregnancy results in several harmful effects to the fetus such as low birth weight [19, 20], hypertension [19], asthma [21] and lung function abnormalities [22], retinal abnormalities [23], development of childhood leukemia [24] beside cognitive and behavioral disturbances [15]. However, the effect of prenatal exposure to waterpipe smoking still needs further elucidation. We hypothesize here that in utero exposure to waterpipe smoking affects the development, suppresses
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The specific aims are:
I. Evaluate the effect of prenatal exposure to waterpipe smoking during different stages of pregnancy on newborn rat
Previous studies on nicotine and metabolic rates indicate that resting metabolic rates of those exposed to nicotine (smokers) and those not exposed to nicotine (nonsmokers) are similar and any differences are insignificant (Perkins). In this experiment, the metabolic rate and oxygen consumption of goldfish will be analyzed in the presence and absence of nicotine. The null hypothesis is that there will be no significant difference in the metabolic rate of goldfish in the presence of nicotine and in the absence of nicotine. The hypothesis is that there will be a significant difference in metabolic rates between goldfish exposed to nicotine and goldfish not exposed to nicotine. Materials and Methods
Wispy, white tails of smoke drift around the front seat of the car towards the children sitting in the back. The smoke does not amuse the third grader; he smells, sees, and breathes in the smoke every day from his mother’s cigarette. The smoke reaches the newborn infant strapped in her car seat, unable to escape the killer substance hanging in the air. Her lungs slowly adjust to her mother’s killer habits, which then becomes the baby’s killer habit without even lifting the cigarette to her delicate mouth. This scenario occurs in many families and cars around the country, and while many smokers realize the potential, deadly effects on their own bodies, they do not realize the deadly effects on their passengers.
My research was completed at the vascular research lab located at the VA Medical Center. We investigated one of the molecular components of cigarette smoke, the unsaturated aldehyde acrolein, as a cause of increased lung vascular permeability. We studied whether acrolein mediates the effects of cigarette smoke exposure via modification of subcellular proteins that function to maintain an impermeable endothelial monolayer in the lung microcirculation. I learned that proper documentation and precise repetition yields consistent and reproducible results. With consistent data, we were able to conclude that protein carbonylation transpired in treatment groups of cigarette smoke and acrolein exposure.
As well as attempting to reduce the prevalence of ATSI pregnant women's rates of smoking. The NSW Tobacco Strategy target is to ‘reduce the rate of smoking by Aborignal pregnant comen by 2 per cent per year’. This target is to help achieve safer communities and homes not only for women but others. The prevalence of second-hand smoke exposure is slowly increasing, therefore harming the lungs of others, especially children due to immature and
“Nicotine has known damaging effects: It’s addictive, toxic to developing fetuses and can harm brain development in children and young adults up to the age of 20” (Spector). This shows that when students introduce nicotine into their bodies at such a young age they can cause irreversible damage to their bodies that will hold them back from living a completely healthy life. “Propylene glycol, a chemical found in e-liquids, can irritate the eyes and airways... Early studies have also revealed that when propylene glycol or glycerin are heated and vaporized, they can degrade into formaldehyde and acetaldehyde... Both of these
Introduction Attention Getter: When inhaling Nicotine, it can reach the brain within 10 seconds after the smoke is inhaled. It has been found in every part of the body, even in breast milk. PSYCHOLOGICAL ORIENTATION:
Electronic cigarettes were first introduced into the tobacco market in 2003. However, in the last few years, electronic cigarettes have been trending, especially among high school students. According to the Surgeon General study, “In 2015, 1 in 6 high school students reported using e-cigarettes in the last month”. The promotion and production of electronic cigarettes is an issue that must be addressed because they are attracting minors who may have never been addicted to nicotine prior to the introduction of e-cigarettes in the market. Companies have branded e-cigarettes as a ‘safer’ alternative to regular cigarettes, however, it is quite possible that consumers, more specifically the youth, are not well informed of the ingredients in them.
Worldwide, tobacco use causes about 90% of lung cancer deaths, 30% of all cancers, 20-25% of coronary heart diseases and stroke deaths, and more than 80% of chronic bronchitis and emphysema”. (Jordan 1). Secondly not only does it affect smokers but even people who don 't even partake in the activity of smoking cigarettes. Second hand smoke is a serious issue and can cause cancer almost easy as being an actual smoker can.
Introduction A chemical inhalation injury happens when a person breathes in (inhales) fumes or particles from chemicals that damage the throat, airways, or lungs (respiratory tract). Chemical inhalation injuries most often occur: During fires, when materials that are burned release chemicals into the environment. During work accidents, when large amounts of toxic chemicals are spilled at factories or industrial sites.
Argumentative Essay: Should Tobacco Be Banned? Name Instructor Institution Course Date Should Tobacco Be Banned According to the existing statistics, the greatest proportion of the world’s population does not smoke tobacco. As noted in the United States of America, only one out of four adults smoke.
Smoking has been a long time habit round the world. However, in the past, smoking cigarette was very popular and known to be a cool recreational drug, and was widely accepted by the community across the world. Today smoking has been less widely accepted and more restricted because of the many health risks that are linked to smoking cigarette. These days, people are well educated and more knowledgeable about the health risks of smoking.
Smoking is one of the worst things you could do, it’s pretty much suicidal, but people still do it. In the 90s smoking was very, it was normal for someone to smoke because every one did it. However, now smoking is not as popular because now we know what it does to you and how it affects your body. That doesn’t mean that nobody smokes, there are millions that smoke and we need to get people to stop before it’s too late. Today I’m going to tell you about the contents of a cigarette, effects of smoking, secondhand smoke, ways to quit smoking, and some facts about smoking that will change your mind about it.
As per the latest study conducted by the World Health Organization, one billion people smoke worldwide, which constitute about 20% of the entire world population. Cigarette smoking has numerous health hazards however, lung cancer is the most known to generations. Smoking, at the same time, is also responsible for cardiovascular disease and heart stroke. But accelerated aging continues to remain the most ignored and standard side effect of smoking.
Many reports have been issued based on the evidence regarding the devastating health affecs of smoking and the expose of second hand smoke. Unfortunatly, cigarette smoking has reportedly caused about 480,000 deaths anually in the United States with an account of 41,000 deaths due to second hand smoking. It is indicated that America has the greatest heath issues from smoking. Neverless, it has been declining due to the rise on taxes and the promotions to cut down tabacco use advetisement. Smoking can be very addictive but there are many ways to help stop that I’ll get to soon.
8) Diseases like asthma, and long-term behavioral and mental difficulties 9) Bronchitis 10) Female smokers have a high risk of miscarriage. EVILS OF SMOKING 1) Smoking causes mood stimulation. 2) Smoking causes erectile disfunction in men. 3) Smoking causes early menopause in women.