The New Jim Crow Mass Incarceration

. In Marc Mauer’s philosophy Mass Imprisonment, talks about the mass incarceration in United States. Marc Mauer gets into the mass incarceration of a particular race, economic standing with tax payer dollars, and how did mass incarceration came to be in private and public prison setting. Mass incarnation stemmed from the “war on drugs” and “get tough” policy. These policies were initiated by former President Ronald Regan and enforced throughout the 1980s – early 2000s, when George Bush Jr became president he reformed prisons with programs to help the formerly incinerated blend back in with the community.

For many African Americans during this time, that meant that you were freed as a slave only to be arrested and deemed a slave once again. How does this relate to mass or wrongful incarceration today? Well, what I'm trying to do is to create a timeline of how twisted the "judicial" system was and still is. I mention the confederacy because it is an accurate representation of how racist the roots of the United States are and also on a side note, how anti American the confederacy actually was. A concept that many do not seem to be aware of.

Numerous studies have provided different perspectives and evidence on the impact of racial inequality in the criminal justice systems, specifically how these racial inequalities affect black Americans. Lisa Miller found in The Invisible Black: Victim, “mistreatment by law enforcement, law-makers, and federalism” in the racial bias toward black Americans (2010). Pettit and Skyes in Civil Rights Legislation and Legalized Exclusion, point out that black males are more likely to end up in jail (2015). A sociologist named David Garland contrived the term “mass incarceration” to explain high incarceration rates in the United States (U.S) (Pettit and Skyes 2015). Currently, the highest incarceration is among black men of 1 in 15 (Miller 2010).

These policies do not directly involve race. An example of this is more African Americans are sentenced to jail than Whites. This type of discrimination results from past practices that are put into law. In pure justice, all people would be sentenced based on the crimes committed, no matter the race even if there were extenuating circumstances, like self-defense. The person would still be sentenced for what they did.

She shows this through an African American character named Tom Robinson, his representative, Atticus Finch and the happenings of his trial. In the book, Harper Lee uses Tom Robinson to convey how racial discrimination is used in the supreme court. Just because of Tom’s complexion, he was put in jail and killed for a crime he did not commit. Lee really conveys the theme of how Tom was heavily discriminated against just due to his skin complexion.

It is an existing theory that our society is constructed via racial dimensions, and that racial equality is a figment of the imagination. This very principle is highlighted in Michelle Alexander’s novel, “The New Jim Crow.” The specific dimensions covered within the text include the unjust aspects of the federal drug policy, and by connection that of mass incarceration as well. Alexander claims that racism is still very prominent in present day society and is direct and frank about the heavy influence of white supremacy. One of the main arguments pushed by Alexander in this book is that mass incarceration is “ a stunningly comprehensive and well-disguised system of racialized social control that functions in a manner strikingly similar

The theory is very pro-active and requires law enforcement officers to recognize, not ignore, offense and deal with it. Offenses such as graffiti, loitering, soliciting, parking violation, traffic driving, truancy, and abandoned property are minor offenses that grow into larger problems that can transform a good neighborhood into a chaotic neighborhood within the span of 10 years. However, there are a lot of disadvantages to the broken window theory. The first disadvantages to the broken windows theory is the zero-tolerance policy. Zero tolerance policing relies on the premise that the more arrests made by officers for minor crimes contributing to community disorder, the less severe crime that community will have to

Unfortunately, a lot of innocent people get locked up for crimes they did not commit. Unfortunately, a handful of people have been executed for crimes they did not commit. Imagine being the accused and knowing damn right that you are innocent and trying your hardest to show the law your innocence yet losing the battle. Sometimes, you're innocence is proven or at least believed by a jury. Other times it takes investigations by institutions like the Innocence Project to prove your innocence.

Ava DuVernay’s 13th is a documentary about how the Thirteenth Amendment led to mass incarceration in the United States, but it’s also a exploration of words of their power, their roots, their permanence. Many Americans by now are familiar with the language of the country’s racial hegemony. Some shun certain words while others make anthems out of them. The film opens with an analysis of the 13th amendment: “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States.” The 13th Amendment abolished slavery in the United States.

According to “Its citizens who needs de-escalation not police” states that ‘The simple fact that it is the public who needs de-escalation.’ Police shows sense of emotion during a response. Depending on who is effected, and the type of harm that is being caused. They lack an understanding in the legal concepts of an officer’s “collective knowledge.”

Introduction You asked that I examine the investigative tool, criminal behavioral analysis, its racial misuse and controversial issues and whether it still has the ability to solve critical crimes using the method. Criminal profiling has always been a means of solving or assisting a crime and trying to prevent it from happening again. It helps narrow down the investigation down by pointing out certain behavioral characteristics of the kind of person who most likely committed the crime. The issue that I was presented with was racial misuse done by law enforcement and it’s impact on African Americans, Muslims, and other minorities. Criminal profiling is an effective tool for law enforcement but has been used in a harsh and inconsiderate way

The creation of prisons were established around the time of the emancipation of slavery. The black community were released from the horrific life they faced when living in slavery, but slavery was not over. Once the African American’s were free society configured a plan that would put an end to the freedom of slaves. The creation of prisons, allowed society the ability to enact a formal genocide of black people by placing them in cages. The roles of prisons over time as established locations that conduct inhuman treatment of Americans, primarily those who are colored, immigrants and other communities labeled as inferior to whites.

Michele Alexander has stated that the marginalization, stigmatization, and the discrimination of people of color who constitutes to the new racial caste is not due to them being black, but rather it is the impact of falling into a “non-racialized “ criminal justice system at the epicenter of what is known is mass incarceration. The mass incarceration of the minorities and more so those involved in non-violent drug offenses and the disproportionate application of capital punishments for those killing whites and other disparities in sentencing all point to a legal system that still treat the minorities more harshly when compared to the whites. At one time, Stevenson went to prison, and he was forced to go back to his car to show that he was indeed an attorney. The correction department officers wanted to strip search him and wanted him to sign a book that he was visiting the prison. Contrastingly, attorneys are not supposed to sign the book.

After leaving prison, a felon is already viewed as not as important as a citizen who has never committed a crime. It can be very difficult to participate and take part in community activities such as getting a job. Felons feel unimportant and unwanted. It is unjust for felons to be treated this way. Several people who have been incarcerated have been interviewed on this topic.

We do not hear about these cases near as much, because sometimes these cases are never really brought to light (Stewart, Police Brutality). Police brutality is a huge problem in this world today and we need to take it very seriously, body cameras have been promoted as a solution to the police misconduct problem. Some examples of police taking their authority too far is Michael Brown killed in Ferguson, and Erik Garner killed in Staten Island (funk, New york times). These cases could have been support a lot better in court and kept everyone true to their word if body cameras would have been in the picture, the families could be relieved in knowing what actually happened in that incident and the case could have been put to rest a lot sooner than they were. Studies show that use of force complaints were decreased by 75 percent once the use of body cameras was put into play (scheindlin, pg 1).