The Poisson Regression Model
In analysing data, it is paramount to know the nature of the data to be analyzed because the credibility of the results and its interpretations are greatly influenced by the distribution assumed in the analysis. There seems to be this basic assumption that all data follow the normal distribution (that is having a continuous underlying distribution), but this is not a valid statement as there are other types of data. In modelling count data (non-negative integer values, often skewed with zero as the most common value) which doesn’t meet the normality condition, the use of the ordinary least squares regression model fails. The Poisson regression model is popularly used in modelling count data [10] as it shares the characteristics of count data …show more content…
Despite the advantages of the Poisson regression model, it still has some limitations based on the assumptions that the expected mean count should be equal to the variance of the outcome, a phenomenon referred to as equidispersion which is sometimes impossible in real life. When the assumption is violated, it leads to overdispersion in the event counts where the variance exceeds the mean and underdispersion where the mean is greater than the variance of …show more content…
The ZIP regression model is a mixture of the logistic and Poisson regression models where the logistic portion contributes to the probability of a count of zero and the Poisson portion contributes to the generation of counts. The ZIP model consists of two components that correspond to two zero generating processes. The first process is a degenerate process that generates structural zeros. The second process is governed by a Poisson distribution that generates counts, some of which may be zero [22]. In contrast, the hurdle model assumes that all the zero data are from the degenerate process and the positive data come from either a truncated Poisson or a truncated negative binomial distribution. Zero-inflated models are more natural than the hurdle model when the population is naturally regarded as a mixture, with one set of subjects 1Page 2 that necessarily has a 0 response. However, the hurdle model is also suitable when, at
Cyp 3.5 Psy/270
984 Words | 4 PagesWhat is meant by ‘statistical infrequency’ as a definition of abnormality? [2 marks] Gavin describes his daily life. ‘I sometimes get gripped with the thought that my family is in danger. In particular, I worry about them being trapped in a house fire. I now find that I can only calm myself if I check that every plug socket is switched off so an electrical fire couldn’t start.
Describe And Evaluate Two Definitions Of Abnormality Essay
707 Words | 3 PagesDescribe and evaluate two definitions of abnormality [16 marks] One definition of abnormality comes from statistical infrequency. We typically define what is seen as ‘normal’ by referring to statistical values. For example, from statistical evidence, we can be informed of things such as the average shoe size of 11-year olds, the average age of a first-time mother, and so on. As we can define what is ‘normal’ through statistics, we can also define what is abnormal. For instance, it is seen as abnormal for a first-time mother to be over the age of 40 or under the age of 20.
Poison Frog Population Decline
718 Words | 3 PagesIn the experiment that tested whether leaf litter played a role in poison frog decline, there was ten plots that had no change in leaf litter. The data was fairly consistent until plot number seven appeared to have sixteen frogs in it. This was more than twice of the amount of frogs than any of the other plots with no change in leaf litter. Clearly, this is an outlier in the data and could have thrown off the average amount of strawberry poison dart frogs in leaf litters. If 1,000 frogs had been tested, this outlier would not have made such an impact on the mean.
The Scarlett Letter Or Outliers: Analysis
346 Words | 2 PagesHonestly I like writing and reading and hearing people’s take on a text. This class, which was filled with all of that, however I did not like and my attitude clearly reflected that. Every student learns differently and personally no matter how much I favor the subject, I vibe off of my environment. My table mates. The life of the class.
Occupational Therapy: Annotated Bibliography
356 Words | 2 PagesHomogenous groups are another factor that deterred researchers to deem this method
Observational Retrospective Cohort Study
530 Words | 3 PagesRetrospective cohort studies are much cheaper as the data have already been collected.1 This type of study is the lack of bias because the outcome of current interest was not the original reason for the data to be collected.1 However, because the cohort was originally constructed for another purpose, it is unlikely that all the relevant information will have been rigorously collected. Retrospective cohorts studies have other disadvantages that people with the outcome of interest are more likely to remember certain antecedents or minimize or exaggerate what they now consider being as risk factors (recall bias).1 Sample or population selection and loss to follow-up is a major potential cause of bias.1 Any loss to follow-up can significantly affect the validity of the
Cultural Competency Programs
869 Words | 4 PagesMoreover, within the subgroup there are different stressors that may potentially put someone at higher risk for an adverse event. By identifying a subgroup as different it may lead discrimination from other subgroups. However, if disaggregated data was not able to assess sub groups programs could not be responsive to the needs of the subgroup. Hence, the data can determine who is more susceptible for disease, where do they reside, and implement policies to address the issue (Tshabalala & Taylor, 2016). Nonetheless, due to the extensive amount of aggregated data, lack of disaggregated data may lead to poor informed decisions in regards to community needs.
The Outliers Chapter 4 Analysis
465 Words | 2 PagesChapters 3 and 4 of The Outliers (Gladwell, 2008) serve to further prove that there is more to success than society believes. It is a common notion that higher accomplishments are granted to individuals with extreme talent and persistence. Gladwell argues there are uncontrollable circumstances on the pathway to success that the general public overlooks. Gladwell aims to target audiences who are unaware of the minuscule factors that shape a person’s future. The purpose of The Outliers is to inspire his readers to think of an individual more critically: “”They had to look beyond an individual.
Influenza Vaccination
598 Words | 3 PagesOne aspect of public health research method that I learned is that measurement is central to quantitative research because it provides the fundamental connection between empirical observation and mathematical expression of quantitative relationships. I also learned that the goals and techniques associated with probability samples differ from those of nonprobability samples. If we want to get results that are valid for the whole study population, we should know how to draw a sample in such a way that it is representative of that population. But it is not necessarily that nonprobability samples are not representative of the population. It means that nonprobability samples cannot depend upon the rationale of probability
Compare And Contrast The MOHO Model And PEOP Model
900 Words | 4 PagesStudent name: Ho Man Ka , Manka Student ID: 15002488 Topic: Compare and contrast the MOHO Model and PEOP Model A. Introduction This essay aim is to compare the three different mainly parts of the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) and the Person-Environment-Occupational Performance model. (PEOP), which is basic assumptions, components and applications MOHO is a client centred, occupation focused, evidence based conceptual model of practice. (Kirsty Forsyth , Gary kielhofner.)
Analysis Of Aaron Beck's Cognitive Theory Of Depression
739 Words | 3 Pages(1979) address all three as Beck’s behavioural interventions are designed to modify motor and physiological behaviour through behavioural means (Murdoch 1991). The key components of CBT are made up in a cognitive model where level 1 is based on
Regression Analysis Of Tesco
1025 Words | 5 Pagescontribute to its gag rule. Tesco is also exposed to the non-food division of its business in which they are recorded losses and their competitive advantage is not sustainable any longer because the likes of the Aldi, Lidl and the one pound store spring up in the grocery stores in the UK. Hill and Knowlton (2006) described a study of the use of corporate reputation in the determination of financial analysts when assessing a firm’s operation. After inflating accounts by over £260 million, and wiping more than £2.5 billion off its market value, Tesco has severely damaged its brand, eroded consumer trust and shareholder confidence. To append to its woes, the Serious Fraud Office has set up an investigation into the company’s over stated profits.
Racial Disparities In ADHD Research
351 Words | 2 PagesConfidentiality in research refers to the ability of the researchers to protect the identities and information provided by participants involved in the study. Research conducted on racial disparities has potential implications for participants to be subjected to unintentional biases that could impact policy and decisions. Longitudinal research also poses a concern for reliability. Research by Morgan (2013) used a discrete-time hazard model to observe if kindergarten students were experiencing disparities in diagnosis and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) through eighth
The Eight Factor Model
3112 Words | 13 PagesThe first major piece of United States health care legislation started with our 2nd president, John Adams who in 1798 signed an Act for the ill-stricken and disabled seamen. Within this act, it stated that from a seamen’s paycheck that twenty cents per month would be allocated to cover any medical bills. Many years have passed with greater technologies, more educated physicians, and health care reform within our health care system. While some health care systems are more technologically advanced with physicians going through extended educational programs, other countries are stricken with disease, have medication and vaccination shortages, and a health care system that is non-existent. Even though the United States has issues within government
The Transactional Theory Of Stress And Coping
1173 Words | 5 PagesThe major criticism was that the model looks at person-environment interactions as static phenomena. Therefore, the model is too linear or unidirectional in relationship that it does not consider the possibility that the individual also plays a role in changing the environment. (Lazarus &
More about The Poisson Regression Model
Cyp 3.5 Psy/270
984 Words | 4 PagesDescribe And Evaluate Two Definitions Of Abnormality Essay
707 Words | 3 PagesPoison Frog Population Decline
718 Words | 3 PagesThe Scarlett Letter Or Outliers: Analysis
346 Words | 2 PagesOccupational Therapy: Annotated Bibliography
356 Words | 2 PagesObservational Retrospective Cohort Study
530 Words | 3 PagesCultural Competency Programs
869 Words | 4 PagesThe Outliers Chapter 4 Analysis
465 Words | 2 PagesInfluenza Vaccination
598 Words | 3 PagesCompare And Contrast The MOHO Model And PEOP Model
900 Words | 4 PagesAnalysis Of Aaron Beck's Cognitive Theory Of Depression
739 Words | 3 PagesRegression Analysis Of Tesco
1025 Words | 5 PagesRacial Disparities In ADHD Research
351 Words | 2 PagesThe Eight Factor Model
3112 Words | 13 PagesThe Transactional Theory Of Stress And Coping
1173 Words | 5 Pages