Al-Ghazali Philosophy
INTRODUCTION
One of the greatest and eminent original philosophers not only in the history of Muslim philosophy but also in the history of human thought is Abu Ḥāmid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad Al-Ghazali. He was more popularly known as Al-Ghazali. Apart from being a philosopher, he was a Muslim jurist, theologian and mystic. Some people even consider Ghazali as the most influential muslim philosopher after the Holy Prophet (PBUH)
Al-Ghazali took birth at Ghazzalah near Tus in 1058. Over there, Al-Ghazali began to receive his education in Islamic jurisprudence. By many people, Al-Ghazali is honored as the “proof of Islam or Hujjat al-Islam. As a great sage of that time, Al- Al-Ghazali gained great fame and became prominent because of his doctrines in philosophy. While still in his twenties, he was called to the court of Nizam-ul-Mulk Tusi. Also,
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He must make sure that his servants, magistrates and other officers perform their duties productively and efficiently. This is important for the overall success of the governance of the Islamic State.
8. He should search for men of the caliber and discuss the affairs of the state with them. The khalifa is only human and may make mistakes, therefore, it is important for him to consult others.
9. He must study the Shariah. The shariah law is the divine law. As a Muslim leader, it is obligatory for the Khalifah to implement the rules of Allah(SWT). Without knowing the Shariah Law the khalifa would not be able to implement it .
10. He must have the knowledge or Ilm for purposes of ijtihad. In this respect al-Ghazali advises the Khalifa/Imam to consult the ullama or the religious specialists.
HIS THEORY OF CALIPHATE
Imam Al-Ghazali was inspired by both; Islamic and Non-Islamic sources, such as those from ancient Persia. While warning the Seljuq Sultan, he said that “he should hear the sayings of the kings, ponder over their doings, study their stories as related in books and try to copy their acts of justice and
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