Positive And Negative Impacts Of Tourism Essay

Tourism industry has both impacts which are positive impacts and negative impacts. The impacts of tourism can be divided into seven common categories which is economic, environment, social cultural, crowding and congestion, services, taxes and community attitude.

There are several positive impacts for tourism in the perspective of economic. It can contribute to income and standard of living; improves and contribution to local economy; raising employment opportunities, improve investment, development and infrastructure spending, raise government tax revenues; improves public utilities infrastructure; improve transport infrastructure; raising opportunities for shopping; economic impact is widespread in the community; creates new business opportunities;

Tourism often induces improvements in public utilities infrastructure such as water, parking, public restroom and land scalping. Hence, these improvements will bring benefits to tourists and residents. Tourism also encourages improvements in transport infrastructure resulting in upgraded roads, airports, public transportation, and some non- traditional transportation. Tourism encourages new elements to join the retain mix, which is increasing the opportunities for shopping and adding healthy competitiveness. It often increases a community’s tax revenues. Lodging and sales taxes already increases but additional tax revenues include air travel taxes and other transportation taxes, business taxes, and fuel taxes.

Although it bring positive impacts to economic but it also create some trouble in economic. The negative impacts in tourism industry are increases price of goods and services; raising price of land and housing; increases cost of living; increases potential for imported labor; cost for additional infrastructure; raising road maintenance and transportation systems costs; seasonal tourism creates high risk, under or unemployment issues; competition for land with other economic uses; profits may be exported by non-local owners; jobs may pay low wages; income

These jobs could be seasonal, causing under-employment or unemployment during off-seasons. It maybe will import labor rather than hired local worker, especially when only need particular skills and also local labor is unavailable. The demand of goods and services is high then the price for land and housing also increase and it will increase the cost of living. Land can be used for other valuable uses and maybe in higher-value in tourism industry. Furthermore, foreign owners and corporations may export profit out of the community. The community needs to pay for the roads and transportation systems when it becomes usually used. It means if additional infrastructure such as power, fuel, medical and sewer is required, tourist needs pay for additional tax. Income inequality happened in Peninsular Malaysia which is show in Taman Negara National Park. Taman Negara National Park is a privately owned park and resort which can house 260 visitors at a time. The national park hires 270 people and 60% of the staff in the administrative headquarters is locals. In 1999 these local staff earned around US $120 per month; for comparison, Malaysians living off the land at that time were earning on average only around US$40 per