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Ethnocentric Approach In Japan

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Japanese “Centralization “ Ethnocentric approach is centralized which means that the decision making returns to top management of headquarters in which training and development of staff is part of and where trainers who belong to headquarters have to go toward working for subsidiaries composed mainly of locals ; their mission is to assist them and to “ preach the faith “.
American formalization: When the organization sets a number of rules, regulations and procedures in order to increase the performance .this is possible thanks to computerized systems and robotics. Labors for example in developing countries: some Asian and African countries, labors cannot work without contract and they have to open a bank account to receive their salary. …show more content…

For this regard; the Japanese government has advocated to rise the percentage of hiring women in managerial positions from 10 % to 30 % by 2020 through the campaign 20-30. (Gender diversity in management in Japan is finally emerging: Comparison with China and South Korea, 2014). The Prime Minister Shinzo Abe called for encouraging and integrating women; this is what exactly came in his speech “creating a society in which women shine,” where women can contribute in the achievement of the society and the organizations strategic goals …show more content…

Uncertainty avoidance:

Hofstede has defined uncertainty avoidance as: “ The extent to which the members of a culture feel threatened by ambiguous or unknown situations “ .

In societies where the control of uncertainty is very high like Germany , individuals and companies in general tend to avoid to invest in uncertain situations .However , in a culture where the level of uncertainty avoidance is low , organizations in USA , Sweden , Denmark are not scared of the unknown future because , by nature , they are risk takers . people do not feel threatened by the changing environment .Instead , they accept change and opposed views and consider them useful . FIGURE 3) THE CULTURAL MAP IN TERMS OF UNCERTAINTY OF AVOIDANCE, POWER DISTANCE, INDIVIDUALISM AND COLLECTIVISM BY COUNTIES ADOPTED BY GERT HOFSTEDE (2001).

Geert Hofstede has also stated another dimension of culture which is the power distance. For him:” it is the extent by which people with low power accept the distribution of unequal power” and the best example that can expose this scenery is the relationship between managers and

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