The Pros And Cons Of Operant Conditioning
In this essay, I will explain how to help get a young child to clean his room by using the operant conditioning method. Operant conditioning is defined as “learning in which a voluntary response is strengthened or weakened, depending on its favorable or unfavorable consequences. When we say that a response has been strengthened or weakened, we mean that is has been made more or less likely to occur” (Feldman 2010). To get such conditioning, we use reinforcements and punishments. Reinforcement is defined as “the process by which a stimulus increases the probability that a preceding behavior will be repeated” (Feldman 2010). Operant conditioning has two types of reinforcements, positive and negative and two types of punishments, also positive and negative. Throughout this essay, I will discuss each reinforcement and punishment while providing an example of each for a better understanding. At the end, I will develop a plan to help get a child to clean his room.
A positive reinforcement is adding something that will encourage a child to increase the chance they will repeat that behavior again. Case in point, to get a child to clean his room, I would tell him that if he cleans his room, we will go to the park. With my fingers crossed, the result will be that he cleaned his room. Which in my case means all the toys and clothes (clean or dirty) gets shoved up under the bed. If this happens, you could say that the positive reinforcement worked and a reward would be given. Positive
Ap Psychology Chapter 7 Checkpoint
228 Words | 1 PagesIn chapter 7, I found the concept of punishment to be most intriguing. Punishment is a part of operant conditioning which was theorized by B.F. Skinner. Punishment is often confused with negative reinforcement. However, the main difference between the two is: while the goal of reinforcement is to increase the likelihood of a behavior, the primary goal of punishment is to reduce the chances of the behavior it follows. In 1938, Skinner concluded that punishment produces only temporary suppression of behavior but later research found that effects may be permanent.
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1206 Words | 5 PagesOperant conditioning is a type of learning process where the strength of a client’s behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment. Dr. Foxx’s work with Harry is an example of operant conditioning because of the techniques he used with different levels of consequences, for example time out and physical reinforcements. With that being said Dr. Foxx used Harrys restraints as both positive and negative reinforcements. In addition, some of the examples Dr. Foxx used to work with Harrys problem behavior
Mr. Byrne's Operant Conditioning
443 Words | 2 PagesMr. Byrne is having trouble getting his students to listen. He is trying scolding as a punishment, but that is not working. By the end of this essay, Mr. Byrne will learn how use operant conditioning to get his seventh grade students to listen. Mr. Byrne can 't understand why scolding his seventh-grade students for disruptive classroom behaviors makes them unrulier. Mr. Byrne 's can use operant conditioning techniques to reduce disruptive behaviors and increase cooperative behaviors.
The Socio Behaviorist Theory
936 Words | 4 PagesNevertheless, Skinner points out that children learn nothing from the punishment. Instead, they may start to work out how to avoid it (Nolan & Raban, 2015). Another concept is classical conditioning (classical behaviorism) that emphasizes on the relation between stimuli and response. This concept embodies in a famous experiment, in which the food is presented to the dog when the bell rings, and the bell becomes a conditioned stimulus for the dog (Nolan & Raban, 2015). Likewise, if children receive toys in the condition that they behave well, then they will probably repeat this behavior to get the toys.
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543 Words | 3 PagesIn every school there are set policies and procedures so that all people working within the school are aware and stick to the same rules. Consistency is imperative. All adults working in the school would be : teaching staff, support staff, lunchtime supervisors, kitchen staff, governors, after school staff and temporary staff. There are many policies in schools that children and staff should be aware of.
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1342 Words | 6 PagesWhen Carla returns to her desk, if she can complete an activity without a tantrum, she will get praise from the teacher. (DRA) differential reinforcement of an alternative behavior is used here. It shows how an alternative behavior can replace a negative one (Miltenberger,
Classical Conditioning And Observational Learning Analysis
2548 Words | 11 PagesIntroduction Learning enables you as an individual, to gain more knowledge about something which you have never learned about. Learning also has to do with past experiences which are influenced by behavioural changes (Weiten, 2016). There are different types of ways to learn; through, classical conditioning, operant conditioning and observational learning which will be discussed and analysed in the essay. Behaviourism Behaviourism is considered one of the main subjects in psychology and the two main people who founded behaviourism were, Burrhus Frederic Skinner, also known as B.F Skinner and Ivan Pavlov who were famous for the work they did on classical and operant conditioning (Moderato & Presti, 2006). According to Moderato and Presti
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2470 Words | 10 PagesWithin this theory there are two types of punishments and two types of reinforcements. Positive reinforcement deals with the presentation of positive stimuli after an action. Negative reinforcement is when a negative stimulus is taken away. Positive punishment is when undesired consequences are attached to a certain behavior. Lastly, negative punishment is when desired consequences are removed such as material items.
Compare And Contrast Operant Conditioning And Classical Conditioning
1404 Words | 6 PagesINTRODUCTION Have you ever thought on how people explain about behaviour? How do we know when learning process has occurred? Learning is permanent change that happened in the way of your behaviour acts, arises from experience one’s had gone through. This kind of learning and experience are beneficial for us to adapt with new environment or surrounding (Surbhi, 2018). The most simple form of learning is conditioning which is divided into two categories which are operant conditioning and classical conditioning.
Pros And Cons Of Operant Conditioning
926 Words | 4 PagesThis method of operant conditioning allows a person and or animal to realize when something is being done correctly and that it should be followed in the future. This method is rewarding and allows it to be beneficial for someone. According to a research conducted to treat problem behavior in Atlanta, researchers finalized that “training and treatment analysis showed that treatments based on positive reinforcement were effective at reducing problem behavior. (Call, 2014). This research proves how positive reinforcement can provide a good outcome for future behaviors.
John B. Watson's Theory Of Behaviorism
1558 Words | 7 PagesEventually, the previously neutral stimulus comes to evoke the response without the presence of the naturally occurring stimulus. The two elements are then known as the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response. 2. Operant conditioning Operant conditioning (sometimes referred to as instrumental conditioning) is a method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior. Through operant conditioning, an association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that
The Role Of Reinforcement In Operant Conditioning
126 Words | 1 PagesReinforcement and punishment are methods used in operant conditioning and both can be positive and negative but work in a unique way. Positive means you are adding something so you increase a behaviour and negative means you are taking something away so you decrease a particular behaviour. Reinforcement Reinforcement is used to help increase a specific behaviour in the future and if done correctly this behaviour will increase, occurring more frequently as the child develops.
Bf Skinner's Theory Of Behaviour Modification
1114 Words | 5 Pages1. B.F. Skinner: Behaviour modification Positive and negative reinforcements or rewards and punishments are used to modify or shape learner’s behaviour. B. F. Skinner’s entire system is based on operant conditioning. The organism is in the process of "operating" on the environment, which in ordinary terms means it is bouncing around its world, doing what it does. During this "operating," the organism encounters a special kind of stimulus, called a reinforcing stimulus, or simply a reinforcer.
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