Firstly, the command and control regulation – as explained in the manual, this type of regulation is simply the enforcement of standards which if not met, have corresponding legal sanctions. These standards can be set by legislation or by regulators permitted by regulation to define rules. One of its disadvantages was its vulnerability to regulatory capture since cooperation between the regulator and regulated entity is required and thus, the close relationship between the two could lead to a “captured” relationship. Secondly, the self-regulation – also known as “DIY (do-it-yourself) command and control”. Under this type of regulation, state intervention is minimal and doesn’t require legislation since the private sector (business) develops its own rules of performance which are being enforced and monitored.
This is a process in which regulatory agencies get overtaken by the industries they were in charge of regulating. This happens when an agency, which is supposed to benefit the public interest, begins to act in ways that benefits the industry it’s supposed to be regulating instead of the public. It is actually a form of political corruption because it benefits the company and special interest groups. It creates a way for political groups to use these agencies to benefit themselves in a way that is wrong to the public. Regulatory capture happens because groups or people who strongly want a particular political outcome will focus their money and energy on making sure things go their way while the general public, who has less interest, will pay less attention to it, or ignore it completely.
Deregulation has been controversial since the 1970s as result of new trends in economic thinking regarding the inefficiencies of government regulation, as well as the risk of industries controlling regulatory agencies to its own benefit. Proponents of laissez-faire based economics insist that the cost of meeting all the government-imposed regulations increase of the cost of doing business, and that increased cost will inevitably lead to laid-off workers and the rise in prices for consumers. While having an economy that leans toward laissez-faire based economics could potentially be more beneficial for business owners and corporate executives, the fairest policy for the governance of the economy is through regulated capitalism due to its stride toward a safe and sufficient workplace, caring about employees, and reassurance of a clean, healthy environment. One reason that regulated capitalism is the fairest policy for the governance of the economy is due to its stride toward a safe and sufficient workplace. Many see government to have their best interests at heart.
Regulatory Compliance Security and Policy Management Implementing effective security policies within an organisation is one of the crucial tasks. Security policies define a framework for managing different technologies, resources and helps in achieving the objectives and goals of the organisation. Security policies reduce network threats, risk of security breaches, and manages all kind of business risks in the organisation. There are various business risks involved in the day-to-day business activities of the organization like: Protecting employee data, sharing business information, discussing about confidential data in the organization or in any public forums, utilizing the confidential information for personal gains/usage and utilizing confidential information for various malicious activities. These business risks have to be addressed by defining security policies in the organization.
However, complying with these guidelines is not enough to keep enterprises safe. Organizations must go beyond these standards to create a stronger security posture, as the purpose of the standards is not an in-depth strategy to address all enterprises risks. Due to the need for achieving regulatory compliance, organizations focus on the means rather than the end. Actions are taken to meet the regulatory obligation rather than enhancing the security of the organization. Most regulations are aimed at the industry as a whole and hence it is unlikely that compliance alone will address all the vulnerabilities an organization has to deal with, as vulnerabilities change and vary by the organization.
Moreover, the government has legal role in organizing large projects for the benefit of the people like national defense and aviation safety. When the government begins to interfere in the free market decisions, the efficiency and the growth were reduced. But there is not any route to limit the number of administrators to make better decisions rather than the private enterprise in the market (Cohen, n.d.). On the other hand, there is the role of government in the command system. Here the government plays the major role in the control of the goods and services which means that it is the one which decides what to produce, how to produce and distribute the goods and services.
One of the advantages is that it allows companies quickly expand without high risk and obtain extra income without investing more money. The licensor paid the royalty fees by the foreign licensee rises as foreign sales rises. In addition, companies avoid tariff and non-tariff barriers by licensing. The disadvantages of licensing is the licensor loss quality of the product and lose control over manufacture and marketing operations in foreign countries. There even is a risk that foreign licenses can eventually sell a similar competitive product where the parental company has a presence.
Proponents of this practice insist that deregulation amounts to corporate welfare and results in many industries exploiting their workers, the consumers, and the environment to maximize profit. These individuals analyze the effects of regulation, and “This, in turn, helps advance a ‘constitutive interpretation’ of the role of regulation—a perspective that focuses on the role of regulation in the continuing expansion, adaptation and transformation of capitalism.” (Levi-Faur). The theory of regulated capitalism can further be divided into two categories: economic regulation and social regulation. Economic regulation controls prices. It is designed to protect consumers and small businesses, and “... it often is justified on the grounds that fully competitive market conditions do not exist and therefore cannot provide such protections themselves.” (U.S. Department of State).
Competition delivers better outcomes than monopolistic ones and even in the cases where the competition policy provides some monopolistic rights at the same time it provides safeguards to ensure that those rights will not be used abusively. The UK Government it its White Paper Productivity and Enterprise: A world Class Competition Regime stated that “Vigorous competition between firms is the lifeblood of strong and effective markets. Competition helps consumers get a good deal. It encourages firms to innovate by reducing slack, putting downward pressure on costs and providing incentives for the efficient organization of production”
In this research paper I will be discussing South Africa’s climate change response strategy with regards to the Green Agenda. I will also be discussing what the City of Cape Town has done to address access opportunities, resources and services provision in the city with regards to the Brown agenda. 1. Green Agenda This agenda refers to the impact we as human beings have on the ecological system. An example of this impact would be Global warming that the world is currently experiencing.