Third World Trade Organization

Indian Ocean Trade: The Indian Ocean trade routes ran through Southeast Asia, India, Arabia, and East Africa. During the classical era it involved the Mauryan Empire, the Han Dynasty, and the Achaemenid Empire. Coastal areas used dhows, a type of boat, to maneuver the seasonal monsoon winds, and after the domestication of camels trade goods such as silk, porcelain, spices, slaves, incense and ivory became popular. The Indian Ocean trade routes also influenced the spread of religions such as Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Is The World Trade Organization really bad or is it because of the different perceptions of every individual regarding to the organization? Or is it really bad in its own nature? Well for me, I think the WTO is bad because of the different agreements that was set by them have many lapses in every agreements that has been done, there are also many issues that arises because there are some critics of the WTO, they argue that “subtle biases operate within the decision making structures that systematically favor developed countries over developing ones. These include a general emphasis on consensus-based decision making, which tends to disadvantage developing countries which may have no permanent representation at the WTO’s Geneva headquarters or have delegations much smaller than those of developed countries, or they may be excluded from the club-like meetings that are usually dominated by developed countries. Such subtle biases and the general lack of transparency and accountability in its decision making process have led to the WTO being described as a rich man’s club.” (Andrew Heywood 2011) for me, I agree to that because it was seen in the actions of the WTO that they have a bias treatment between the poor and rich countries wherein when it comes to trade they favored the rich countries rather than the poor one.

Trading has always been an integral way in which people spread technological ideas, religion, culture, etc. Some religions such as Islam have put the importance of merchantry in their holy book the Quran. Some people like the chinese wanted to impress people with their treasure fleets. However, in order for most people to trade there has to be a routes people they will take to reach their destination. This brings me to the following reason why interregional trading increased. Interregional trade increased because massive trading routes on land and on water increased along with an improvement in technology. This DBQ will cover the importance of trade routes. Especially the Silk Road, Indian Ocean, etc. It will also cover

“The most tragic paradox of our time is to be found in the failure of nation-states to recognize the imperatives of internationalism.” Earl Warren (14th Chief Justice of the USA) The author of this source is explaining the fatal flaw in how nation states are governed. This fatal flaw is the neglection and underuse of internationalism. This is a major problem in today 's world where many problems such as terrorism, human and crop disease and economic instability, are compounding at rate faster than national ingenuity can keep up. Thus, if these issues are going to be tackled, nation-states must begin to use an open sourced collaborative model to combat these problems. For this reason, internationalism should be pursued to the highest extent in order for the human race to survive.

“It makes no moral difference whether the person I can help is a neighbour’s child ten yards from me or a Bengali whose name I shall never know, ten thousand miles away” (Singer, Peter). This was the main thesis of Peter Singer’s renowned 1971 essay, “Famine, Affluence, and Morality”. During that period, the world was becoming increasingly globalized and international. As a result, this essay sparked widespread debate, which subsequently led to a breakthrough in the study of ethics. However, 43 years after the inception of this essay, is this quote still applicable today? I believe that it is, and hence, I take the stand of Peter Singer’s - that richer countries should indeed help poorer countries in need, in terms of humanitarian and development

Dichotomies as false reflections of reality: Scholars also argue that dichotomies are not concrete reality but rather assumptions and metaphors which hardly correlate with the reality, which is fluid and in which such fixed concrete categories are rarely found (Barbe 2001, Eckel and Weber 2007). Katharina Barbe (2001) suggest that there is a serious need to re-evaluate dichotomies before their repeated use since its use can lead us to misconceive “relationship between opposing hypothesis” (Wilkins 1982: 22 cited in Barbe 2001). In the case of the North-South divide, Julian Eckl and Ralph Weber argue that such divisions tend to simplify issues of global inequality in two categories, wherein both the practitioners and analysts start treating

Ever since organizations and agreements like the North American Free Trade (NAFTA) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) were created around the end of World War 2 to supposedly help the Third World nations to establish better economies and governments, they have only done more harm than good for these

The founding of WTO in 1995 increased the conflict between economic globalisation and the protection of social norms until now because of WTO aims at further trade liberalisations. While there is no universally agreed definition of globalization, economists typically use the term to refer to international integration in commodity, capital and labour markets. There are many impacts that existed after the introducing of WTO.

prevails in the empire and away from the core of the empire exist the anarchic system.

International trade refers to a country trade goods and services to another country. International trade open up the world potential market to increase producer sales quantity and increase competition on foreign country. apart from these, international trade will create job opportunity and hence reduced unemployment rate as well as positive balance of payment. however, it might bring negative effects to a country as well, therefore, government play an important role in implementing trade restriction on imported goods in order to prevent imported goods destroy the domestic market or at certain extend, monopolize the market.

It argues that the lack of an authority higher than nation-states, causes states to act only in competitive and selfish ways, and that material power determines relations between states. John Mearsheimer supports this by saying, “States are potentially dangerous to each other. Although some states have more military might than others and are therefore more dangerous”(Mearsheimer, 70). Instead of keeping identities and interests in mind when determining relations between states, realists assert that anarchy will cause states to act solely in their best interest. Kenneth Waltz attempted to explain a structural realist perspective about anarchic structure. He argues that due to the absence of a international governing body, states should actively pursue conflict in order to ensure their own survival. He goes on to use economic concepts to describe his viewpoint of the anarchical structure of international politics. He says, “The market arises out of the activities of separate units--persons and firms--whose aims and efforts are directed not toward creating order but rather fulfilling their own internally defined interests by whatever means they can muster”(Waltz, 52). This supports the realist argument that states operate based on self interest and, contrasting with Wendt, do not consider their identities within the international system.

When it comes to comparing the past with the present, the idea of globalisation is deliberated quite often. The twentieth century coined the term ‘globalisation’ as international organisations were introduced, aiming to reduce trade barriers and maintaining healthy global trade relations. On the other hand, the twenty-first century induced a fear of globalisation as companies were outsourcing their production allowing certain societies to continue development while others remained constant. In June 2016, Brexit (Britain’s exit) took place because the majority of the United Kingdom (UK) voted to leave the European Union (EU). This event exhibits people disrupting the political mandate by voting against cultural and economic globalization. This paper briefly analyses the trend in trade over the last century that built the unstable political environment that stemmed the result of the UK elections. Initially, it will describe globalisation in the 20th century proceeding to that of the 21st century. Then, it will deliberate Brexit and the reasons behind it. Concluding by stating that globalisation is a valuable sign of moving forward that should be correctly reinforced globally and accepted by people accordingly.

Brian C. Schmidt’s (2002) chapter, “The History an Historiography of International Relations”, covers detailed aspects of the field of International Relations regarding its history and problems it has faced over its evolution. This essay will argue that Schmidt is able to effectively identify and address difficult issues posed in the International Relations field of work. This essay begins with a brief summary of Schmidt’s work and ideas. Next, the essay will discuss Schmidt’s views on the specific evolutionary issues of lack of coherency and identity behind the history of International Relations. Leading on from here, the essay will display Schmidt’s ideas on presentism and its impact on International Relations. In the final section of the

Most of developing countries are enjoying some sort of trade preferences in the form of very low or up to zero tariffs on their exports to developed countries.

Global economic integration is a phenomenon that can be traced back to seven centuries ago since the travels of Marco Polo. Since his travel, integration has taken place through trade, factor movements and communication of economically useful knowledge and technology and is on the rise ever since.