Egyptian civilization
Geography:
The river Nile; it is the longest river in the world, 6,650 km. it flows through the middle of Africa and reaches till the Mediterranean Sea. When the Nile floods, it was a bless for humanity where it helped them to grow crops and also settle in villages. It has the boundaries with desert and a sea on the south, east, west and north.
The Nile floods on specific timings which are from July to September which is mainly a result of the tropical rains from Ethiopia. The highest level the river Nile gets to is in October and the lowest is between April and June. When the Nile floods it enriches the land for cultivation and crop growing which is a good benefit for farmers.
The transportation
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The Egyptian concept of soul has 3 different elements:
KA is the life force or spiritual double of the person.
BA is represented as a human-headed bird that leaves the body when a person dies. The face of Ba was the exact likeness of that of the deceased person.
AKH is the spirit of Re (represent-ing light), the transfigured spirit of a person that becomes one with light after death.
There was ceremony called as the weighting of the heart where the Gods used to judge if the person’s deeds are good or bad. Here the persons hear was placed on a scale, it was counterbalanced by a feather which represented the God of truth and justice. However, if the heart and the feather were equal in weight then the person would be considered as immortal and he was justified, but if the opposite happened then this person would not survive to the afterlife.
When the pharaoh passed the judgment test, he then becomes one of the Gods, where he reaches paradise and attains the
Babylon’s thick walls and strong gates were not able to keep the Persians. In 539 B.C.,Babylon and the rest of Mesopotamia fell under control of the Persian empire. Within a few decades, the Persian empire became the largest in the world,so far. Cyrus the Great Persia formed to the east of Mesopotamia, in what is now Iran.
Many empires rose and had fallen all through history all over the world; however, there is only one resemblance why empires succeed and get destroyed. In the Middle East, lies Mesopotamia, which formed in 3200-2350 BCE. South of the Mesopotamia is Ancient Greece and in Africa there is Aksum; Ancient Greece had a Golden Age in 750-338 BCE and Aksum thrived in 100-750 CE. Those empires as well as others rose and fell for many reasons, but the biggest reasons are the geography, proving that geography can change an empire in an instant. The Mesopotamia was constantly in danger because of their rivers; citizens never knew when the river stroke.
To begin, typically between June and September, the river would flood its banks. Since there is little rainfall in Egypt, this yearly flood would allow moisture back into the soil, improving the conditions for farming. This area of land “along the banks of the Nile [is called] the Kemet, or Black Land.” It is noted that “the land along the banks of the Nile River were extremely fertile.” In addition, the Nile River acted as a natural highway, creating opportunities to trade goods by water.
The characteristic I chose to compare from two civilizations are the writing systems for Mesopotamians and Egyptians. These were too of the earliest forms of written history known. Although they differed in how they were used, there were similarities in the way they were first pictured. The Mesopotamians used a writing system called cuneiform.
Moreover, the tomb painting in Document E depicts all aspects of Egyptian life being surrounded by the blue waters of the Nile. This demonstrates how much the Egyptians revered the Nile, to a point that they included it in something as holy as a tomb. Thus, even they knew that all parts of Egyptian life connected to the Nile, no matter how rich, poor, young, or old the person was. This idea is furthered in the belief that "heaven in Ancient Egypt was called the Field of Reeds . . .
The Nile River is one of the most well-known and iconic rivers on Earth. Empires and many nations were built near the Nile because of the many benefits the Nile provided. The Ancient Egyptian empire lasted from about 3100 BCE to 30 BCE and many cities and farms were built around the Nile at the time. The Nile is located in Eastern Egypt, south of the Mediterranean Sea and is about 4,258 miles long. Even their religion was based on the many bonuses the Nile provided that helped the empire grow and stay alive.
In ancient Egypt the Nile was a life or death resource because it gave water for drinking, was depicted to surround the ancient Egyptian heaven, and also controlled the growing season. The Nile as a resource helped create a thriving agricultural system. Along with the plentiful crops was the sand that went everywhere causing diseases and dental issues. The Nile River with fertile soil, and a major resource helped make the Egyptian civilizations that occurred long ago to thrive to their best ability. The Nile River shaped ancient Egypt by organizing the settlement distribution, developing the economy and changing their spiritual life.
Therefore, it became densely populated. Also, the Nile was used for trade and transportation, making it one of the most advanced civilizations of time. Egyptians and their way of life were greatly influenced by geography like the Nile River. The civilizations of ancient Egypt and China demonstrated that the influence of geography was pivotal to the rise of these great civilizations and the people who lived there.
Ancient Egypt SLL 1057F Amber Waynik WYNAMB001 Tutorial group 2 Jessica Nitschke 1.Hymn to the Nile i) The phenomenon that the “Hymn to the Nile “responds to the dependency of the Egyptian people on the Nile river. The text shows that the Nile river served as a source of life which sustained and provided all for Egyptians “who creates all that is good” (“Hymn to the Nile” stanza 9). The text asks questions about who controls the Nile and why it flow the way it does - the text itself answers that it is the Egyptian god Hapy who controls the Nile.
The most significant factor that influenced the development of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia was their geography, because their locations by large rivers led the civilizations to produce an abundance of food, leading to a population increase and for several cities to form which influenced the cultural, economic, and political influence of both civilizations. The flooding within both ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia allowed their agriculture to thrive Mapping sentence for culture. Mapping sentence for economic. Mapping sentence for Political. Transition.
In source one it states,” Egyptians used the Nile’s floods to become better farmers.” That meant that the Nile would flood and leave fertile mud for the farmers to grow their crops. Unlike other rivers the Nile’s floods were all similar. Also in the first source it says,” One reason for their success was irrigation. Egyptian farmers first dug basins, or bowl shaped holes, in the earth to trap flood waters. The farmers then dug canals to carry water from basins to fields beyond the rivers reach.”
“The plains flood when the river rises, and is blessed with the riches that brings people merriment.” ( Egypt Mesopotamia Comparison Essay, page 1). For the majority Mesopotamia and Egypt were both agricultural civilizations. Due to the geographical features, life from these two civilization were crucially rely on their rivers. However, the Nile were far more significant to the Egyptians than the Tigris and Euphrates do to Mesopotamia.
One of the biggest changes Akhenaten made was shifting the primary worship away from the god Amun, and focused on the god of the sun, Aten. His father also ordered the images of other Egyptian gods be destroyed, which upset many Egyptians. After giving the order to destroy all images, Akhenaten also had the temples of the different gods destroyed or closed. Although the Egyptian people were probably happy to hear of Akhenaten’s death, his young son was not ready to ascend to the throne (“King Tut”
The majority of cities like Beni Suef, Sumulat, and even the state capital Cairo are placed alongside the longest river, The Nile River. The Nile river is a river starting at South Africa and leads its way north up to the Mediterranean Sea. The fact that many cities are places alongside this river comes with many advantages for Egypt’s agricultural production. Back then during Ancient Egypt many thought of the very dangerous and negatively effective floods of the Nile as blessing of the gods, rather than disaster. This is because even now, floods created by the Nile River increase the fertility rate of the soil.