It does not call for a “holy war” against the “infidels”. The term “holy war”, which in Arabic would meanHarb al-Muqaddasah, practically does not exist in the vocabulary of the Qur’an and the Sunnah. Similarly, peace (amn, salam, sulh) in the Islamic Tradition is not an antonym of war. It stands for a culture of peace, tolerance, mutual understanding and an ongoing systematic cultural and civilizational discourse and dialogue. Addressing the whole of humanity as a single Ummah the Qur’an invites all humans to cultivate an attitude of peace(Ahmed 2015).
The principles associated with jus in bello are the following: distinction, proportionality, military necessity, fair treatment of prisoners of war, and no means malum in se. The first principle is distinction and is perhaps among the most important principles when conducting a just war; it is also among the most neglected and exploited. Distinction refers to the idea that combat and acts of war should be directed towards enemy combatants, armies, etc. and not at innocent civilians and bystanders simply caught up in a circumstance they did not create (Just War Theory). Among those things that have been prohibited due to this distinction include the bombing of residential areas, committing acts of terrorism against civilians, and attacking targets that are considered to be neutral.
Humans have been fighting each other since prehistoric times; ambitious leaders declare wars to become the most powerful nation in the whole world. It is important to understand the Just War Theory because this is what is needed in order to know whether a war is justified or not. This theory is based on six principles which are: Just Cause/Right intention, proper authority, last resort, probability of success, beneficial outcome and proportionality. The purpose of the Just War Theory is to make sure that the countries know what to do and how to act in conflicts. This is not only to justify
(Orend; 2005) Jus ad bellum Firstly the rules of jus ad bellum should be addressed to heads of state. Failure to adhere to these responsibilities would be considered committing war crimes. According to (Orend; 2005), rules of jus ad bellum establish what a “just or unjust” resort to armed force. Launching a war would be acceptable if the following requirements are met: The rules of jus ad bellum: o Just cause: Just cause is recognized by most cultures and formulated in international law. The rules of jus ad bellum serve as principles to determine when war and the use of violence are justifiable.
for making a propaganda for Iraq war in 2003 , the media was directed to present specific information about Iraq . They presented in the TV shows that there is terrorism in Iraq and that is very dangerous for the U.S and the people around the world . (Kumar, 2006). After the attacks , the policy-makers in the U.S claimed announced that they should fight terrorism and Jihad in Iraq .also they said that they want to stop using mass destruction weapons in Iraq ,which used by Saddam Hussein and they should defeat the Qaida which threaten the world. Actually the main reason for the U.S to invade Iraq was its oil.
Therefore, how do we know then what God approves or disapproves of? Divine command theory is the idea that certain actions are morally good or morally bad because they are what God wills for us. God’s demands determine what is right or wrong. What he tells us to do is right, and what he tells us not to do is wrong. This theory states that the only thing that makes an
The divine command theory remains one of the most common theories used to explain the link between ethics, morality and religion. Divine command theory remains a highly controversial issue and has been criticised by a number of philosophers namely Kai Nielsen, Plato, Socrates and J.L Mackie as well as receiving support from philosophers such as Philip Quinn and Thomas Aquinas (Wierenga, 2009). The arguments for and against this theory has practical and theoretical significance, both philosophers of religion and moral philosophers have interest in exploring the role of religion in moral thought. (Wierenga, 2009) The divine command theory associates moral goodness to what God commands or Gods will (Berg, 1993). In its purest form it postulates
Just War Theory has been use for a thousand years, is what Christian ethicists and theologians have used to determine when it is morally acceptable for someone to go to war. Augustine and a few others are mainly responsible for the guidelines to the Just War Theory. He made some assumptions about a Christian citizen’s duty to obey political authority and contribute to the task to the civic life (Clough & Stiltner, 2007, pg. 53). Augustine believed that the only just reason for going to war was to maintain peace.
When Assef is telling Amir why Hassan should not be his friend, he says, “We are the true Afghans, the pure Afghans, not this Flat-Nose here… They dirty our blood” (Hosseini 44). Assef believes Hitler is an exceptional leader because he brutally murdered Jewish people. Hitler wanted the perfect race, the Aryan race (blonde hair and blue eyes). Assef wants Afghanistan’s leader to make the Pashtuns the perfect race. Assef wants a leader to kill the Hazaras just like Hitler did.
War on Religion There is a belief among people that declares religion as the main cause of wars worldwide, and it has been the main cause of violence throughout the history of humanity. While we cannot deny that, some battles such as the crusades and the Lebanese civil war were based on religious faith, it is totally illogical to consider religion as the main cause of wars. Moreover, although there is also no disagreement that some extremist in Islam were behind 9/11, it is considered a misjudgment to say that all individuals in this religion convey the concept of violence and cruelty. The fact is non-religious incentives take the responsibility for almost all of humans’ wars. Lives lost during religious wars are nothing compared to those lost during non-religious wars.so why people believe that religion is the cause of wars, why they are wrong and do the extremist represent religions?