The abuses where mostly involved with money since the church was a very wealthy organization. Still, it was a public facility and it was a easy target for the government to attack using their 'abuses' as a way to acquire lots of wealth. One of the main precursors of the Protestant Reformation was the translation of the first hand written English bible in 1380 AD by John Wycliffe. He was well known through Europe for been against the Church in which he believe it had a different doctrine in terms that it was supposed to be following the same propositions of the bible. Despite of his antagonism; for instance, the Catholic Church saw him as a loyal person since they did not witnessed the truth behind his
An emerging interest in human reason posed a threat to the church, which by now favored order, conservatism, and stability. As one author puts it, "Movements suspected of enthusiasm, such as Puritanism, Quietism, and Janesism, fell into disrepute, and the authority exercised by the state in religious affairs became more pronounced. It was an age dominated by Reason, which, until it provoked a reaction in such movements as Pietism and Evangelism, posed a formidable challenge to Christianity. Out of the Age of Reason came renewed interests in art, architecture, and music. The church used these as tools for enhancing worship, affirming faith, teaching, and advancing aesthetics.
Before the reformists came into play, Roman Catholicism was the predominant form of Christianity in Europe. The Church was still in a high position of power from the previous period, the Middle Ages, a fact that would soon change. Famous figures such as Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII would question the Church 's authority and forever change how Christianity was viewed. After Martin Luther, there would be a new branch of Christianity known as Protestantism. He redefined the Christian Doctrine.
John Calvin had many people who followed him and agreed with his reformation on the church so he called them Calvinists. Calvinists broke with the Roman Catholic Church, but were different from the Lutherans. In 1536, John Calvin wrote a book, which was about how he believed the Protestant church should be managed. He believed in hard work, discipline, honesty and morality but had fines for swearing, fighting, dancing or laughing in church. He closed theatres and frowned on fancy dresses.
He was then excommunicated and basically banished from the Church. Instead of giving up his beliefs and returning to a corrupted Church, he created his own religion where God’s grace is directly granted to believers and the source of religious authority was the Bible. “The Protestant Reformation was an attempt to recast the Christian faith in terms of the new learning of the 16th century, the enlightenment learning,” a quote stated by John Shelby
The Protestant Reformation started in 1517, when a man by the name of Martin Luther posted his Ninety-five Theses on the doors of Wittenberg 's all Saints Church. That may be what historians say started the Protestant Reformation, but there was a lot of uneasy feelings about the Church before Martin Luther. The thing is though; the people were too scared to stand up for what they believed to be wrong. They were scared of what the Church would do if they spoke up. They were right to be scared.
These are the traditions that were mentioned beforehand, that Catholic’s clung dearly to during the Counter Reformation. A few examples of these are the idea of purgatory, prayer to saints and priests in a hierarchy form. None of these conventions or beliefs are proven in the bible and Martin Luther therefore considered them a distraction from the centrality and importance of Christ. (Tarr 45) This is another reason why Lutheranism went to the bible for all answers. This brought about the practice of a decentralized leader for mass services.
Once that was done the servants were taken outside and hung by Telemachus and the herdsmen. Here's where I disagree with Odysseus's. It is not know whether they were forced to do the things they did to disgrace themselves but Odysseus didn't care. In his mind they were disloyal. I feel it was unfair to punish them so brutally without knowing their side.
This was the cause of Proctor’s suffering. The punishment was hanging. Hester and John both committed adultery. Hester was shamed and was ostracized. Proctor’s sin was not revealed until Act 3 of “The Crucible.” Hester and Proctor suffered from their punishments.
Calvinism preached that the kingdom of heaven if for those who are successful, hardworking and good (Bell, 2012). Calvinists were hence hardworking and very competitive Christians whom even desisted from bodily pressures. According to Weber the attributes of Calvinism were those of greater wealth, reinvestment and accelerating of treadmills of production. Calvinism as a birth and fuelling of capitalism made it okay to use the