The Role Of Women In Shakespeare's Othello

Women have always been portrayed as the weaker sex compared to men. It has been demonstrated in history itself and throughout literary works. Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Homer’s The Odyssey, however, portray women to be more powerful than men, even when their society thought otherwise and underestimated them because of their gender. Lady Macbeth, The Three Witches, Queen Arête and Penelope demonstrate the astute, charming, and ambitious side of women that was overlooked by men when it came to having power and making decisions.

Throughout most of the play, she is portrayed as powerful and confident, and more daring than Macbeth himself, though this image changes when she shows signs of weakness, resulting in her death.   In Lady Macbeth’s first appearance in the play, Act 1, Scene 7, she behaves in contentious ways that might lead the audience to question her morals. After reading the letter in which Macbeth shares the news, the first words in her soliloquy show her determination and ambition: “Glamis thou art, and Cawdor - and shalt be what thou art promised!” The fact that she states that he shall be what is promised and become king, shows that she is aware of her own strengths and influence over Macbeth.

Finally, even though the women were shown to be strong throughout most of the play, Lady Macbeth and Lady Macduff both have unfortunate outcomes. The women in Macbeth’s

Therefore, she thinks princesses teach false lessons on morals, speculating less attractive girls will be bullied. Although Orenstein takes a second wave feminist approach, Poniewozik has a third wave feminism viewpoint, which states women can perform female and male tasks. Poniewozik describes various new princess movies that have a third wave feminism approach, for example in The Prince & Me, Paige chooses her career of becoming a doctor over the prince (324). However, in the sequel, she marries the prince and continues working as a doctor. He advocates for the new movies as they teach independence and prioritizing personal goals in order to demonstrate that girls can be successful going to college and getting a career.

Though any character in Shakespeare's Hamlet could easily be the epitome of lunacy, there is no character more obviously unsound that Ophelia, whose personality is the embodiment of codependency. Every time Ophelia speaks the symptoms are apparent as she can not seem to converse about anything but men. This is stereotypical of women at the time,in society as much as in literature. One can not fully blame Ophelia however as she is a product of her time period and used by the other characters. Ophelia’s character not only confirms Hamlet's suspicions about women but serves as pawn in the metaphorical chess game between Claudius and Hamlet.

It’s no surprise, that Shakespeare’s Macbeth was clearly constructed as a rebellion against femininity roles of the time. During the Elizabethan era, women were raised to believe they were inferior to men since men obtained desired masculine qualities such as strength, and loyalty, whereas women were viewed as figures of hospitality (1; 6; 28-31). Obviously, not being tempted by the luxury of subservient women, William Shakespeare rebuked this twisted belief, applying that women deserve more respect than their kitchen tables.

A constant theme in what makes some women more valuable and a higher asset in the Waknuk society is her ability to be a mother. From Mrs. Wender’s disbelief as to how well she is treated by her husband given the fact her child is a deviant, to Aunt Harriet’s uncalled for suicide, to Sophie’s sterility causing the man she so dearly loved, to lust after Rosalind purely for the fact she could produce an offspring for him. Sophie explains her dilemma to David in her statement “…I’d have given him babies gladly, if I could” (167). Aunt Harriet reveals her struggles as she pleads her sister to let her swap children for a night to fool the inspector into providing her a certificate of normalcy. Her reasoning behind wanting to keep the child at all costs is profoundly heartbreaking.

In the 1500-1600s women were not treated the same as men. Shakespeare portrays women a certain way to break the mold of what women were supposed to be. Women are seen standing up for themselves and being bold which was not supposed to happen. Even though Shakespeare was a bit of a revolutionary with the idea of women, the other characters in his plays still view women much like real people in his time.

Power is defined as “The ability to do something or act in a particular way, especially as as a faculty or quality.” Throughout history, women have significantly lacked not only power but the ability to be recognized as equal to their male counterparts. In Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, women are somewhat able to successfully gain power from society due to the fact that they use manipulation, deceit and their sexual desire (especially the character of Abigail) to acquire positions of power in their largely patriarchal society. Women are able to attain this power through using their intellect to express manipulation, and lying in order to receive attention that translates into power.

From the publication of East of Eden to today the rights and empowerment of women have escalated exponentially. Women are no longer obligated to follow the nurturing mother ideal; they can be independent and strong. Then, in the novel, East of Eden, some believe the author oversimplifies his female characters by filing them into either traditional, caring mothers or heinous villains. However, Steinbeck utilizes their simple, one-dimensional archetypes to show how complex his female roles truly are through subtle details.

Medea: Questions About Women and Femininity Euripides’ play, Medea, is an ambiguous narrative relating to feminism. Depending on one’s viewpoint, the eponymous character can either be one of the most unconventional delegates of women’s rights or an oblivious saboteur willing to undermine the cause. I believe the former, holding the opinion that Medea was a pioneer for feminism, being the original driving force behind breaking the stereotypes assigned to women. Although I also hold the stance that her impact is short-term due to the fact that her surrounding actions have overshadowed her ambitious acts.

The roles of women are immanently transcending as society continues to alter their perception of the female race. Since the misogynistic Elizabethan era, women exceed the expectations of encompassing subservient and docile characteristics to becoming respectable individuals capable of embracing their own beliefs rather than a man’s. However, equality for women’s rights only began with the recognition of society’s unequal treatment towards women. The Taming of the Shrew in its own sense stands as small step of recognition towards the early fight for the rights of women. Shakespeare uses this piece of literature to essentially reveal and criticize the manner in which male-dominated societies treat women as animals that are to be tamed.

The Odyssey and Macbeth are classic tales of adventure and war endured by the men of their respective eras. Both pieces of literature show the lives of not only the men with the namesakes to their respective stories, but the lives of the women in those stories as well. During those times, women did not have much political or societal influence, besides being child-bearing homemakers. However, the authors of these respective works showed ways of how women can be perceived as more masculine, or how men can be more feminine. Characters could even appear as androgynous and not identify with either gender.

Living in the time period in where Hamlet was taken place,gender is completely different from where they are now. The theme gender, which in Hamlet circulated around, ended up being the root of all evil In the tragedy Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, the characters Hamlet, Ophelia, Queen Gertrude, Claudius, Polonius, and Horatio suffer consequences through the actions of each gender. Gender roles contributed to the tragedy, which brought a lot of distraught between characters. Gender played a huge role throughout the tragedy In the play, the men acted superior and were also glorified. Women on the other hand were discouraged and mistreated for being females.

Contrary to popular beliefs, the women of ancient Rome had more autonomy than believed. In fact, “Roman women of all classes had much greater personal freedom than women in other parts of the Mediterranean”. Unlike the Greek women, they had “private” rights such as the right to owning/selling a property in her own name, suing for a divorce and the right to make a will or be beneficiary in a will. Which, compared to women's rights today, this is hardly a dent. The women belonged to the “pater familias” (head of the household or father) and needed their permission to do business.