Comparative Government
Nigeria & South Africa
Critically compare and contrast the role of the executive and the legislature in the governance of Nigeria and South Africa
The South African and Nigerian governments have constitutions that define the three levels of government as being; the legislative, the executive and the judicial. In South Africa; these organs of state are bind by the Constitution as it is the most supreme law whereas in Nigeria the constitution is not the supreme law. These three organs of state are put in place in order to create a checks and balances system.
South Africa:
The South African executive is made up of the national cabinet and the provincial executive councils under these two categories are various individuals
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Compared to South Africa, where the constitution is the most supreme law this differs in Nigeria because there is evidence to suggest that some civil leaders, the military do disobey the values/principles implemented in the constitution (Fashagba:2016). The Nigerian executive is referred to as the Federal Executive Council which consists of the president and deputy and ministers. The function of the Nigerian executive is to run the country, implement legislation and develop policies for the people. In Nigeria the president has imperial presidency (Isumonah 2012:44), he/she is the chief of state and head of government. The powers of the president are to appoint the cabinet from list made by the Senate, signing bills, calling a referendum and ability to pardon offenders etc. The Federal Executive Council /cabinet is made up of ministers, deputy president and the president as the head of this cabinet. The ministers are accountable to the National Assembly and conducting full reports to give to …show more content…
Both countries have a constitution that clearly defines the three organs of state; however, in South Africa the constitution is regarded the most supreme law and everything that is executive or legislature must be in line or bided by the values of the constitution and creates no unfair exceptions for certain individuals or groups. Whereas in Nigeria the constitution is not applied universally as it has been stated that some persons within government or military have been known to simply disobey the constitution without consequences. The doctrine of the separation of powers is applied effectively in both countries as there are ranks of people such as deputy president, ministers etc with duties and responsibilities assigned to them to help with the riling of the country. The South African government’s strength may be seen in the core ability to improve from the country’s past and have a fair, equal party or persons to represent values of The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996, a written document that applies the notion of equality among the people. In Nigeria this would be a weakness that lacks because of a civil role versus a military role; these are two different forms of leadership which means when a constitution is not supreme law. Both governments have scandals of corruption causes by specific individuals within government and it seems both the South
The executive branch includes and is led by the President of the United States of America. Furthermore, this branch also includes the cabinet, executive, and independent agency departments. The President is able to veto the proposition of a new law and designate federal judges and federal posts. The President is also given the power to grant forgiveness to a crime that has been committed. As well as negotiate with foreign countries and treaties about situations and certain topics.
Unprecedented powers, cabinet vocations, and bureaucratic government positions are added with every new administration. Established in Article II, Section 2 of the US Constitution, the Cabinet began as a four-man position; now 15 distinct cabinet members are approved by Congress
The executive branch makes laws official. The president is the head of the executive branch. There is a separate judiciary and interpreter of laws. The relationship between national and state powers was good because states make and enforce their own laws.
The President of the United States is the face of the government and the figure people turn to most to voice their concerns. The president doesn't do it all alone though. It's impossible to manage a country by yourself. For that reason, the president appoints a collection of people to lead the various departments. Do you know them all?
The executive branch enforces laws in the United States. The executive branch is made up of the President, the Vice President, the Cabinet, the power of the executive branch is vested in the President of the United States, who also acts as head of state and Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces. The president and vice president both share a four year term limit, but if re elected they would serve an eight year sentence. The president can end up spending millions of dollars on their campaign. The presidents appointed by the winning of the electoral college.
Briefly explain / cite examples of the following Executive powers: Appointment Power- This allows the president to appoint (with the advice of the senate) ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, judges of the supreme court, and all officers of the united states. Power to Convene Congress- This is the “state of the union”, basically allows president to convene both sectors of congress to discuss issues.
He or she is the commander is chief of the armed forces. The President also nominates judges and justices and maintains the cabinet. These powers don’t seem very powerful. But however, the President can be very powerful, especially when the Congress and the President work together, for example when the presidency and the Congress are held by a single political party. In this case, it is very common for the President to set policy that the Congress merely rubber-stamps.
The Vice President takes over if the President dies or is seriously injured. Cabinet - Is chosen by the President and the Senate approves the members. The cabinet members communicate with the President and talk about issues such as the economy, security, health, jobs, and education. Legislative Branch The Legislative Branch is made up of a senate and house of representatives.
There are state levels and federal levels of the executive branch, at state level the executive branch includes governors and also their staff and at the federal level the executive branch includes the President, the vice President, staffs of appointed advisors and a few other departments and agencies that may seem familiar such as the central intelligence agency and the federal bureau of investigation even the post office. The executive branch does many things, such as appointing federal judges and they deal in the nations domestic and foreign policies. Checks and balances are in place to limit the power of the executive branch. The limitations and accountability within the executive branch are through electorate and congress by both impeachment and over ride of executive
East and West Africa from 1000 to 1500 CE had profound differences in forms of government, with West Africa being kingdom based, and East Africa city-state based. The conversion of Eastern and Western African ruling elites compacted trading between themselves and Islamic traders from Mesopotamia, China, India, and as far away as Oceania. The relatively stable political environment from 1000-1500 CE in Sub-Saharan Africa attracted displaced peoples from the Abbasid empire in Northern Africa, with West Africa utilizing Trans-Saharan trade, and East Africa utilizing mariner trade routes. The East and West developed in clearly different ways, but paralleled each other in a way in which the political, social, and economic environments facilitated stable trade in the region, as well as a distinct blend between Islamic culture and African tradition.
In this branch of the government they approve treaties, make federal law, declare war, remove members of the government, has the power of impeachment, and the power to pursue. The Executive branch has the
The executive branch can check the laws congress wants to pass and can veto them if he disagrees. The Legislative branch can check the executive by accepting the already vetoed law and can impeach or fire the president out of office. The Justice Branch can make sure peoples rights and liberties are being followed and check if the laws follow the constitution's rules. In the text, it says “To further limit government power the framers provided for separation of powers the constitution separates the government into three branches Congress of the legislative branch makes the laws. The executive branch headed by the president carries out laws.
The African Union is one of the world 's most dominant intergovernmental operations. The AU has clearly had reasonable achievements through its direct contribution and partnership with the international body to resolving and decreasing conflicts in some of the region’s hotbeds. This essay will cover its successes as well as weaknesses in terms of strengthening its ties amongst the member states through social, economic and political matters. The African Union came about in July 2002 and consists of 55 member countries.
The branches of government are: (a) The Legislature: makes the law (The People’s Majlis –Article 5 and Article 70(a)) (b) The Executive: implements the law (The President and the independent commissions –Article 6- ) (c) The
The criminal justice system is that subsystem of the national legal system which determines the circumstances in which and the procedure according to which individuals may be punished by the state for conduct that is defined as a crime. For the sake of convenience, a distinction is normally drawn between the substantive aspects of the criminal justice system and its procedural aspects. The study of criminal law generally focuses on substantive law; namely, the principles of law according to which criminal liability (guilt) is determined, whilst the law of criminal procedure, together with the law of evidence, focuses on the manner in which this is done, together with the way in which offenders and suspected offenders are to be treated by the