Soil Desertification Effects
The root cause of desertification is poor soil conservation leading to soil degradation. Unsustainable farming methods also contribute to soil degradation. Overuse of chemical fertilizers, failure to employ crop rotation and irresponsible irrigation practices rob the soil of the last of its nutrients. When topsoil is depleted of humus, it 's either too loose or too compacted, both of which can lead to destructive erosion.
In a White Paper by the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification it is pointed out that the economic impact to land degradation have ranged from “2% of Gross Domestic Product in India to 0.04% of GDP in the USA.”
Social impacts are determined by the number of people living in the affected areas and their economic status. As their ability to sell agricultural products in an area of declining production due to land degradation and desertification, it markedly defines them as poor and highlights the income disparity in developing and under developing countries.
The political consequences of not have programs in place to address these issues is forcing government to take on more debt to feed an ever increasing hungry and poor population and risking strife and war amongst its populace.
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However because the vast majority of cows are grain fed and raised in concrete pens for the last six months of their lives, this has led more grain being grown for animal production than for human consumption. As explained in DIRT animals can denude the vegetation through overgrazing. Couple this with drought and wind and topsoil is blown away leading to the desertification of a region. The Soil Conservation Service formed in 1938 helped better define land use through new way of planting and plowing to hold the moisture in the land and keep it from blowing away in times of low rain and high wind. Pasture rotation and keeping the livestock levels steady lead to a more sustainable environment. (Dirt: Secrets in the Soil - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i5S88OKrEQU)
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