The Shifting Grounds Of Race By Scott Kurashige

In the case of Japanese Americans, they were able to receive some levels of equality among whites. In the article, “No Jap Crow’: Japanese Americans Encounter the World War II South”, author Jason Morgan Ward looks at how Japanese Americans were treated during the Second World War in the American South, and how they were allowed to be considered semi-white. In his thesis Ward said, “This episode revealed the increasing inability of southern white leaders to defend the segregated status quo, even as it exposed their segregated society to comparisons with fascism. At the same time, in trying to make Japanese Americans behave according to the Jim Crow script, white leaders foreshadowed the ways they would later react to the protests of the civil

"An Ethnic Trump" by Gish Jen is a story about a little boy named Luke who is struggling with the other kids in his school and embracing his Chinese heritage. "Indian Education" by Sherman Alexie is a story about a boy named Victor who is growing up with people always judging him based on what he looks like and his race. These stories have some things in common with each other. Both of the boys grew up with all the weird stares, different treatments, and silent judgement.

Since America’s declaration of independence on July 4, 1776, America has continually dealt with racism and religious intolerance. Racism and religious tolerance is around However, how many of the people “native” to the United States views towards different races or groups of people has changed. Another thing that is important to note the importance of immigration patterns on which groups were targeted by racist individuals occurred at different time periods. The Catholics were viewed negatively during the founding of the country, but were virtually ignored when there was an influx in immigration of Eastern Europeans and Asians. The minorities in the United States were viewed as nuisances that needed to removed.

During his inaugural address on January 12, 1971, Jimmy Carter said, “I say to you quite frankly that the time for racial discrimination is over.” It has been forty-five years since that quote, and racial discrimination still has not come to an end. There are many different examples of racial discrimination, such as discrimination within single race communities, or discrimination consisting of one race against another. The articles “FOBs vs Twinkies” by Grace Hsiang and “Black Men and Public Space” by Brent Staples portray both of these examples of racial discrimination. “FOB’s vs Twinkies” addresses the intraracial discrimination that occurs within Asian-American communities and the difficulties that result from this.

John Sides’ LA City Limits: African American Los Angeles from the Great Depression to the Present focuses on the migration of southern African Americans to the west between the early 1900’s and the 1970’s. Although there was a great migration of Southern African Americans to the north, there was more of an impact on African American lives in western cities like Los Angeles. Sides claims that the migration of southern African Americans was due to their desire to escape the bigotry and injustices that they faced in the southern states. Los Angeles was one of the many cities that provided hope for the southern African Americans to escape their prior social and economic conditions. While life in Los Angeles was better than the lives that the southern

In the book, “Asian American: Chinese and Japanese in the United States Since 1850” by Roger Daniels, he writes about the Asian American immigrating to the United States. Daniels writes on the Japanese Americans mainly focused in chapter five, six, and seven. Chapter five largely base on how the adaption of the Issei and Nisei in the United States. Chapter six in regards to the treatment of Japanese Americans during World War II. Chapter seven the continuation of the post war life of the Japanese Americans after World War II.

The often racist and offensive propaganda found on war bond posters, and other merchandise led to a huge increase in racist thoughts and urges. This is shown when Frank Keegan, a hearty, full-of-himself, true American says “We were dreadfully frightened of the Japanese. For years we were told of the yellow hordes. We had the Oriental Exclusion Act. Even before Pearl Harbor we were scared of them”(36).

First, both groups had similar struggles. African Americans struggled with endless racism. Segregation and disrespect followed them everywhere they went. Many would go through their entire life seeing segregated bathrooms, restaurants, water fountains, and more. Similarly, Japanese Americans also faced a lot of racism.

In Racial Fault Lines: The Historical Origins of White Supremacy in California, Tomas Almaguer (2009) describes how race and racism coincides to facilitate the birth of white supremacy in California during the late nineteenth century. The idea of racial formation allowed groups to establish their power and privilege over defined racial lines. For each of the three racialized groups presented Chapter one combines the historical and sociological framework to describe the transformation of Mexican California. Through highlighting the historical accounts of racialized groups, fear of potential threats to white workers creates white supremacy. He continues by describing the peopling of Anglo-CA from 1848-1900 with the immigration of Irish, German,

In this book, author Tara J. Yosso demonstrates how institutional power and racism affect the Chicano/a educational pipeline by weaving together critical race theory and counterstories. Critical race theory is a framework used to discover the ways race as well as racism implicitly and explicitly shape social structures, practices, and discourses(Yosso, pg.4). Counterstories refer to any narrative that goes against majoritarian stories, in which only the experiences and views of those with racial and social privilege are told. The counterstory methodology humanizes the need to change our educational system and critical race theory provides a structure for Yosso to base her research. This results in a beautiful hybrid of empirical data, theory, and fascinating narratives that works to analyze how forms of subordination shape the Chicana/o pipeline, while also exposing how institutions, structures, and discourses of education maintain discrimination based on gender, race, class and their intersections.

Subsections (3) and (4) focus on discrimination really show how the Japanese were targeted because of their race. Not only did the government control where the Japanese were going to reside, but also the discrimination that they had to

Not even long before the year 1941, there were already histories of underlying discrimination and prejudice against Asian Americans based on their ethnicity. Not only did the attack worsen the situation for Japanese immigrants, it also drew more attention to their possible future “threats” and their loyalty to the U.S.. The aftermath of

Throughout history, humans have always been afraid of anything and anyone unlike their culture. Even in the twenty-first century, there is heated debate surrounding illegal immigration in America; some believe that illegal immigrants from Mexico are stealing jobs and harming the economy. These irrational fears are discussed in Luis Alberto Urrea’s book, “The Devil’s Highway,” which tells the true story of 26 illegal immigrants who are abandoned after crossing the U.S. border. Through this true story, Urrea shows the mistreatment of illegal immigrants, and his use of historical examples reveals that immigrants have always been subject to prejudice and persecution in the United States.

The formation of grassroots organizations in the mid twentieth century proved to be an essential driving force of the Asian American movement, mainly due to their ambitions and ability to attack racial problems in communities. At the height of the 1960’s civil rights movement, the Asian American Political Alliance, and the I Wor Kuen were notable grassroot organizations. The AAPA, for short, was birthed on the campus of UC Berkeley in California, while the I Wor Kuen was formed in New York City’s Chinatown. Their core goal is notably identical; their desire to create a utopian society separate from “white America”. Ultimately, the AAPA and the I Wor Kuen coincide with their ambitions to create their own absolute society, but differ in their

This paragraph from Kesaya Noda’s autobiographical essay “Growing Up Asian in America” represents the conflict that the author feels between her Japanese ethnicity, and her American nationality. The tension she describes in the opening pages of her essay is between what she looks like and is judged to be (a Japanese woman who faces racial stereotypes) versus what she feels like and understands (life as a United States citizen). This passage signals her connection to Japan; and highlights her American upbringing. At this point in the essay, Noda is unable to envision her identity as unified and she describes her identity as split by race.