The Variations Between the Red Rock and the Mohawk of the Bay of Quinte in their Reserve Lands, Languages and Religious Beliefs
Kashfa Shaikh
0961185
ANTH*1150 It is known by many that Canada’s origins lie with the First Nations. The First Nations have been around for centuries, spreading across Canada. Through this time, there has been a development of a variety of cultural and religious practices that differentiate the groups and tribes of the First Nations. Two prominent groups in Canada are the Iroquois and the Ojibwa. Within these tribes, there is further localization of bands, which include the Mohawk of the Bay of Quinte and the Red Rock, two Indigenous bands with a variety of similarities and
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The bands are both sub-sects of larger tribes, but their language structures vary. The Red Rock band is a part of the Ojibwa tribe, which is known to speak Anishinaabe, a branch of the Algonquin language. The specific language is called Anishinaabemowin or Ojibwemowin (Red Rock Indian Band). The Mohawk in contrast, speak their own Mohawk language, Kanienkehak, despite their origins with the Iroquois confederacy (History of Tyendinaga). There is much variation in the methods that bands use to distinguish themselves and identify with their tribes. Language origins can greatly vary not only with tribal association but also with other variables such as geographical origin. Over the years of assimilation to British culture, languages can be lost through generations. The Red Rock language has dwindled in recent generations to a point where the fluent speakers of Anishinaabemowin or Ojibwemowin are only elders (Red Rock Indian Band). The Mohawk’s have shown great effort in ensuring that their language is spoken fluently today. These efforts include language classes and recreational activities that incorporate language into their structure (Iroquois – Religion and Expressive Culture). The decline in traditional native languages is in part due to the enculturation of the Natives to the ways of the British, but many groups have begun to work on saving their languages through active educational techniques taught to their younger generations. The fluency of a variety of languages in the Canadian culture today supports the mosaic structure of Canada and the inclusion of the First Nations’ languages supports the country’s
In fact, an estimated thirty people knew the language outside of the tribe at the time. The language is so complex that some words are pronounced the same, but are said in different pitches. Also, none of the words are used in different languages because they either make up words, or combine already existing Navajo
In the years 1632 t0 1639, Father Paul Le Jeune was the superior of the Jesuits of Quebec. Le Jeune, along with other Jesuits, was on a mission to seek salvation for thousands of First Nations Aboriginals who resided in North America. Many scholars argue that while the Jesuits stated their purpose to come to Canada was to Christianize the First Nations people, their activity coincided with a breakdown of the First Nations customs and beliefs. Other scholars have argued that this was not entirely an oppressive situation, as First Nations women were able to find themselves an avenue of power in their community and over their new French trader Husbands.
The era of New France marked a transition in which the Native Americans were not acquainted with, the contact with the Europeans. The civilization of the French was much different than the previous settlers. Rather than the French enslaving the Native Americans, they resided alongside them and even cultivated their language. This is deemed as striking because they did not expect or force cultural conversion from the Native Americans. Allan Greer captures these themes in his book, Mohawk Saint, in regards of the Mohawk Saint named Catherine Tekakwitha.
Though one could argue the Métis, an intriguing melting pot of two worlds, did not have a strong political system, they were certainly a unique ethnic and cultural entity. The Métis, historically, were a group of diverse ancestry; they were the result of the Native’s way of life from the old world and the European culture from the new, blended together. For example, not only did they incorporate elements from the French culture such as arranging crops in seigneurial patterns, but they also had an annual bison hunt, which was a tradition passed down from the Natives of British North America. Furthermore, as well as Algonkian, the language spoken by some Native tribes, the Métis inherited the French language. Combining the two, they created a
To Begin Did you know that the navajo originated over 300 years ago? In this book, you will learn about the Navajo´s appearance and clothing. You will also learn about the tools and weapons the Navajo used. Another thing you will learn about is the Navajos food and shelter. Afterward, you will learn about the roles of men and woman.
Quebecois “Distinct Nation” by Theresa Klein Throughout history many nations that have a powerful, shared sense of identity, but never acquired their own state or sovereign entity. I chose to write a profile of the Quebecois in Canada as a testimony to what type of national conflicts can arise in regards to the quest for independence. I visited Quebec, Canada in 1984, and at the time, as it now, a very peaceful place. Firstly, Quebecois is another word for the French-speaking natives of the Canadian province of Quebec, Canada.
Parents on the reservation worked to keep their culture alive by continuing to use their native Navajo language. The Navajo language was extremely hard, nearly impossible, for non-native speakers to understand or learn. Some have described listening to the Navajo language as ‘the rumble of a freight train, the gurgling of a partially blocked drain, or the flushing of an old fashioned commode’. Each word in the language can have four meanings, depending on the inflection, and the verbs are extra complex. There is no written alphabet or language.
Summary for “Without the Language, First Nations Identities
Authentic Native Americans who inhabited around what is now called Mackinac County, Michigan and northeast of the Great Lakes from around 1200 CE, was originally referred to as Michilimackinac; derived from the Native language called Algonquian, which means "large turtle" to describe the shape of Mackinac Island (1, 280). Given that the Native Tribes left merely a diminutive amount of recorded information, there is an insufficient aggregated evidence that can be comprehended with inevitability concerning their culture and in research that was collected, there seems to be more archeological evidence regarding forceful European cultural influences than actual Native culture, and is the reason why we have even gained written documentation regarding
First Nations was a time of decline in Canadian history because residential homes were created and what they did was basically took them away young children from their families and took their culture away and how they did that is cut there tradisional long hair and wouldn't let the kids wear there cultural clothing and wouldn't let them talk their language, they also abused the children that were in the residential homes over all the First Nations were not viewed as people in the canadian society until later on and also didn't have the same rights as other
In the essay, “Federalism, Nationalism, and Reason”, Pierre Trudeau addresses the history and origins of self-determination and nationalism and its central role in federal statehood, he then discusses the interactions of federalism and nationalism in a Canadian context. Trudeau posits major arguments that will be assessed in this review. First, he postures that that the federal state is driven by self-determination and nationalism, which ultimately makes it unstable due to its foundation in emotionalism rather than reason. Second, Trudeau outlines the historical factors that resulted in the separatist narrative in Quebec and claims that Canadian nationalism cannot combat Quebec’s regional nationalism. Trudeau begins the essay with a historical
In Blackfoot Country, author Helen B. West describes the extent of the Blackfoot territory. “Blackfoot Country, U. S. A., covers an area from the Canadian border south sixty miles, across prairie, rimrock, and tree-lined river bottoms, and from the Sweetgrass Hills west to the gradually ascending foothills, with their lakes and grassy ridges, to the majestic barrier of the Rocky Mountains comprising the backbone of Glacier National Park” (West, 34). The Blackfoot nation is made up of three main tribes, as well as several smaller bands. In Material Culture of the Blackfoot (Blood) Indians of Southern Alberta, author James W. VanStone writes that the Blackfoot historically “…has consisted of three politically independent tribes: the Pikuni or Piegan, the Kainah or Blood, and the Siksika or Northern Blackfoot. The three tribes speak the same Algonkian language, shared most of the same customs, intermarried, and made
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The indigenous people have a long and proud history, including the rich cultural and spiritual traditions. However, many of these traditions have been changed or even disappeared after the arrival of the European settlers. Forced introduction of European culture and values, Aboriginal community, indigenous land being deprived, and the imposition of a period of governance outside the pattern of the beginning of a cycle of social, physical and spiritual destruction. You can see the effects of today. Some of the effects include poverty, poor health, and drug abuse.
A general description of the culture: Previously, the culture of Canada throughout the country was heavily influenced by the British and the French and their own indigenous people [Loue, S; Sajatovic, M; 2011]. However, as times have progressed, the culture has also progressed to incorporate the immigrant cultures. Today, Canada is known throughout the world as a multicultural, diverse, and very progressive country [Mooney Cotter, A; 2011]. The immigration of people from all over the world has