The Stroop Effect
In 1935, John R. Stroop first discovered a psychological incidence known today as the Stroop effect. Stroop aimed to investigate the interference affect and through “the Stroop Effect” experiment this was accomplished. In his original experiment, Stroop compared the effects of reading a list of words written in black with the effects of reading of the same list of words written in unrelated colours. With minimal findings Stroop reformed his experiment and asked participants to name the colours from a list of coloured squares prior to naming the colours from a list of words printed in unrelated colours to the word. Participants were 70 well-motivated college undergraduates students, 14 of them were male while 56 were female. Participants …show more content…
The second group was asked to read the same two sheets however in reverse order, comparing for practice and fatigue on each test. Participants were instructed to name the colours as quickly as possibly leaving no errors uncorrected, researchers followed on another sheet recording the time participants required to complete the task. Results from this experiments led Stroop to his conclusion, that since individuals are more practiced at reading words than naming colours, there is less interference with word reading than colour naming. Other researchers have also modified the Stroop test in order to include other sensory modalities and variables. Frank H. Durgin known for the Reverse Stroop Effect experiment provided a modified version of the Stroop Test. Likewise, Cohen and his colleagues also restructured Stroops experiment, with a focus on aging while also employing a computerized version of the test. Our experiment conducted in class is recognized as a replication study, as it ultimately reproduces the Stroop experiment. The particular purpose of our study was to examine the interference effect, and in order to accomplish this we used Stroop Application Testing. The interference effect occurs when previously knowledge interferes with current task
Possible Worlds Why Do Children Attend By Alain De Botton
1351 Words | 6 PagesGopnik’s article also talks heavily about children experiments that include them learning things without any clear instruction. When children are given no clear instruction, they often use trial and error to figure things out. Children are able to use their cognitive processes to see what is beneficial to them. Not only children but adults also use this approach to learn new things. Gopnik wrote, “Simple trial and error, trying different actions until one succeeds, is actually often a very effective way of getting along in the world.
Stroop Effect Essay
1597 Words | 7 PagesThe Stroop effect was established by John Ridley Stroop in 1935 and has since become increasingly influential through its replication in published works. This effect illustrates the interference in human perception (Hilbert, Nakagawa, Bindl, & Buhner, 2014) and is a perfect example that describes situations in which task-irrelevant stimuli are hard to ignore. This study aims to investigate whether the fast and automatic processing of the colour denoted by a word will interfere with the ability to identify the font colour of the word. According to Raz, Moreno-Iniguez, Martin and Zhu (2007), Stroop effect is the difference in response time between congruent and incongruent stimuli – increase in time taken to name the font colour when it differs from the colour denoted by the word
Annotated Bibliography
697 Words | 3 PagesA MANOVA was used to measure reading comprehension according to treatment group, grade, and time. In addition, Wilks’ lambda was applied to MANOVA in order to test whether there is a relationship between the independent and dependent variables. For example, “According to the MANOVA, there was a significant change in reading comprehension as a function of treatment group (Wilks' lambda = 11.25, p < .05)” (Lederer, 2000, p. 96). Also, Post Hoc Testing was used to indicate significant changes in the experimental group’s ability to answer assessment questions.
Stanley Kalgram's Essay 'The Perils Of Obedience'
1487 Words | 6 PagesSolomon Asch, a social psychologist conducted an experiment on the influence of
Why Is Milgram's Research Important?
950 Words | 4 PagesWhile arguably one of the defining psychological studies of the 20th Century, the research was not without flaws. Almost immediately the study became a subject for debate amongst psychologists who argued that the research was both ethically flawed and its lack of diversity meant it could not be generalized. Ethically, a significant critique of the experiment is that the participants actually believed they were administering serious harm to a real person, completely unaware that the learner was in fact acting. Although Milgram argued that the illusion was a necessary part of the experiment to study the participants’ reaction, they were exposed to a highly stressful situation. Many were visibly distraught throughout the duration of the test
Perk Of Being A Wallflower Case Study
1118 Words | 5 PagesPsychology and its Implications Student’s Name Institution Affiliation Psychology and its Implications Introduction Psychology has been used for a long time to understand human behaviour. Basically, this is how human beings react to various stimuli. The reaction can originate from a past experience, for instance, death, sickness, and so forth. In the book The Perk of Being a Wallflower by Stephen Chbosky (2012), Charlie can be seen to be faced by psychological problems. Charlie is the major character in the novel.
Phantom Limb Research Paper
1710 Words | 7 PagesA group of scientist conducted research on children aged between 2 and 9 months. Researchers showed pictures to infants: the backgrounds were in different colours (red, green, blue and yellow) and had either circles or triangles drawn on in black. If babies did not have synaesthesia, they would observe all the pictures for the same amount of time, regardless of shapes drawn. However, if they saw shapes in specific colour, i.e. one of them always saw circles in green, then that infant would look at a picture of circles on a green background longer, than on a background of any other colour. Observations confirmed the theory.
Stanford Prison Experiment Philip Zimbardo
1874 Words | 8 PagesThe method chosen for conducting such an experiment was to construct a fake correctional facility in the basement of Stanford University. To be in the experiment, Zimbardo offered participants $15 dollars a day for up to two weeks. They selected 24 of the most mentally and physically stable subjects. They were divided evenly and randomly in two groups: guards and prisoners. The guards were given uniforms similar military clothing, wooden batons, whistles, and mirrored shades.
Doodling Affected Memory And Daydreaming
640 Words | 3 PagesMakayla Moniz Psych 1001 Brett King Option 2 ³What Does Doodling do? ³ In the study ³What Does Doodling do?², conducted by Jackie Andrade, the researcher hypothesized ³that doodling aids concentration by reducing daydreaming, in situations where daydreaming might be more detrimental to performance than doodling itself.² (Andrade 2009) The study was conducted to determine whether or not doodling affected memory and focus on a task, such as a phone call or lecture.
Analysis Of The Article Her Memory, Her Dad On Trial In-69 Killing
795 Words | 4 PagesProfessor John Gabrieli and Michael Anderson, a psychology associate professor at the University of Oregon conducted the experiment. Where 24 people between the ages of 19 and 31 were given 36 pairs of nouns that were not related and asked to memorize them. After a few minutes they were able to remember them. This experiment was documented using a functional magnetic resonance imaging machine to view the brains processes. They were then asked to only remember the first words and forget the pairs while more scans were taken.
Loophole To Tolerance Research Paper
686 Words | 3 PagesI believe this experiment started when my professor planted this "un-occupied, un-employed" thought in my head. In this pre-experiment phase, I had a blind vision. We as students are trained to hypostasize before an experiment but as much as I wanted to predict what was going to
Ap Psychology Chapter 1 Study Guide
1189 Words | 5 PagesGiven the broad areas of interest falling under the purview of biological psychology, it will probably come as no surprise that individuals from all sorts of backgrounds are involved in this research, including biologists, medical professionals, physiologists, and chemists. Indeed, Tolman stated, “I believe that everything important in psychology can be investigated in essence through the continued experimental and theoretical analysis of the determiners of rat behavior at a choice-point in a maze.” Behaviorism dominated experimental psychology for several decades, and its influence can still be felt today. Given that any behavior is, at its roots, biological, some areas of psychology take on aspects of a natural science like biology. Reflecting the diversity of the field of psychology itself, members, affiliate members, and associate members span the spectrum from students to doctoral-level psychologists, and come from a variety of places including educational settings, criminal justice, hospitals, the armed forces, and industry.
Effects Of The Ponzo Effect
724 Words | 3 PagesThe Ponzo effect: The Ponzo effect was first shown by the Italian psychologist Mario Ponzo in 1991. The reason the top horizontal line looks longer is because we view the scene while using linear perspective at the same time. Since the vertical parallel lines seem to move closer together as they move further away, we tend to imagine the top line as being further off in the distance. A line in the distance would need to be longer in order for it to seem like the same size as a closer line, so the top far line is seen as being longer than the bottom near line, despite both lines being equal in size.
Broadbent's Theories Of Selective Attention
1061 Words | 5 PagesIn the viewpoint of perceptual load theory, stimulus differences happen when the stimulus has high or low perceptual load. The perceptual load discusses complications of the physical stimuli, especially the distractor stimuli, for example, a right-angled symbol surrounded by a rounded symbol is when there is a perceptual load which is low and when there is a right-angled symbol enclosed by heaps of dissimilar symbols this is high perceptual load. Because of the supposed inadequate volume of noticeable materials, in high perceptual loaded studies the aim of noticeable materials is worn out earlier thus enabling to react to the goal quicker in contrast to a lower loaded perceptual
More about The Stroop Effect
Third Year Questions For The Scarlet Letter
894 Words | 4 PagesPossible Worlds Why Do Children Attend By Alain De Botton
1351 Words | 6 PagesStroop Effect Essay
1597 Words | 7 PagesAnnotated Bibliography
697 Words | 3 PagesStanley Kalgram's Essay 'The Perils Of Obedience'
1487 Words | 6 PagesWhy Is Milgram's Research Important?
950 Words | 4 PagesPerk Of Being A Wallflower Case Study
1118 Words | 5 PagesPhantom Limb Research Paper
1710 Words | 7 PagesStanford Prison Experiment Philip Zimbardo
1874 Words | 8 PagesDoodling Affected Memory And Daydreaming
640 Words | 3 PagesAnalysis Of The Article Her Memory, Her Dad On Trial In-69 Killing
795 Words | 4 PagesLoophole To Tolerance Research Paper
686 Words | 3 PagesAp Psychology Chapter 1 Study Guide
1189 Words | 5 PagesEffects Of The Ponzo Effect
724 Words | 3 PagesBroadbent's Theories Of Selective Attention
1061 Words | 5 Pages