The Types Of Geography: Modern Techniques In Geography

What is Geography?

Geography is the study of earth’s surface and the processes that shape it. It is the connection between places.

Who are Geographers? Geographers are scientists who study the relationship between people and their environments.

Two main branches of geography

• Physical geography

Study of the physical features and changes on the earth’s surface.

• Cultural geography

Study of humans and their ideas and the impact of human ideas and actions on the earth.

MODERN TECHNIQUES IN GEOGRAPHY

1. Geographic Information System (GIS)

Geographic information system is a computer system for capturing, storing, checking, and displaying information identified with positions on Earth's surface.

GIS can indicate

The area can be expressed in a wide range of routes, for example, latitude and longitude, address, or ZIP code. Various sorts of data can be looked into utilizing GIS. The framework can include information about individuals, for example, population, salary, or education level. It can incorporate data about the area, for example, the area of streams, various types of vegetation, and various types of soil. It can include data about the destinations of factories, farms, and schools, or storm channels, streets, and electric power cables.

Data and GIS

Information in a wide range of structures can be entered into GIS. Information that are now in map form can be included into GIS. This includes such data as the area of waterways and streets, slopes and valleys. Digital or electronic information can likewise be entered into GIS.

An example of this sort of data will be information gathered by satellites that show land utilize, the area of farms, towns, or forests. GIS can also include information in table form. For example, populace data. GIS innovation allows all these distinctive sorts of data, regardless of their source or unique format, to be overlaid on top of each other on a single

• Laser and radar altimeters on satellites have provided a wide range of data. By measuring the bulges of water caused by gravity, they map features on the seafloor to a resolution of a mile or so. By measuring the height and wavelength of ocean waves, the altimeters measure wind speeds and direction, and surface ocean currents and directions.

• Ultrasound (acoustic) and radar tide gauges measure sea level, tides and wave direction in coastal and offshore tide gauges.

• LIDAR is used to detect and measure the concentration of various chemicals in the atmosphere, while airborne LIDAR can be used to measure heights of objects and features on the ground more accurately than with radar technology. Vegetation remote sensing is a principal application of LIDAR.

• Within the scope of the combat against desertification, remote sensing allows to follow-up and monitor risk areas in the long term, to determine desertification factors, to support decision-makers in defining relevant measures of environmental management, and to assess their