Terrorism And Political Violence Theory
Theoretical explanation of terrorism
Terrorism and political violence theory In the book Political terrorism, Ted Gurr argues that terrorism is as a result of misery, frustration, grievances and despair due to the part played by both national and international politics economic and social situations.
Political violence is a collective attack within a political community against a political regime (Gurr 1960). The perpetrators may include different political groups and the incumbents and policies. It also includes coups d’état revolutionalists and guerilla wars. Aggression is brought about by frustration among a group of people. An aggressive behavior depicts the availability of frustration (Donallard, 1939).
When people feel miserable and
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They rival the government in order to bring about radical changes in political and social conditions through forcefully changing government decisions and policies hence achieving their political goals.
Terrorist weigh the benefits they will accrue and the costs of carrying various action before doing them as the other non state organization does (Hermann 1990, Sick 1990, Crenshaw 1990). After the estimation of the probability they then involve in those action that they see they are going to be victorious and refrain or revise on those they feel that they are going to loose.
Crenshaw (1988) suggests instrumental approach in understanding terrorism simply because the intentions of actors are inferred from their behavior according to logical rules. It gives easier contextual duty due to relaxed secretive terrorism information.
The theory on the other hand is criticized on the basis that it does not tell us about internal working of terrorist organization i.e. it does not sufficiently explain on the determination preferences of the group. b) Organizational
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Long social distance in terms of cultural, relation and functional independence will likely lead to terrorism (Roche 1996)
Terrorist do strike civilians attached to their enemies. Terrorist attacks targets symbolizing the central government, a dominant enemy regime or socio-economically of politically superior community (Black, 2004). Terroristic consequences are highly destructive in areas where the perpetrators are as socially removed from the victims. The social distance determines the intensity of the attack.
Altering gender relations and
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