Theoretical Conceptualization Of WTC In First Language Communication

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2.1.1.2. Theoretical conceptualization of WTC in first language communication
According to McCroskey and Richmond (1987) the construct of WTC is an individual’s general personality orientation towards talking. They stated that people considerably differ in the degree to which they talk, to whom they talk, and in what situation they talk. They pointed out that one 's WTC was affected by many situational variables such as the individual 's feelings in that moment, his/her previous experience of communication with that person, the occurrences before the communication, topic familiarity and etc. therefore they considered WTC to be situation dependent. McCroskey and Richmond (1987) stated that:

Individuals exhibit regular willingness-to-communicate …show more content…

Difference between L1 and second language WTC
MacIntyre, Clément, Dörnyei & Noels (1998) noted that WTC in L1 does not necessarily transfer to the second language. It is unlikely that WTC in the L2 is a simple manifestation of WTC in the L1 (p. 546).
MacIntyre (1994) proposed that people who were not anxious about communication and believed they were capable of communication would appear more willing to initiate a conversation.
Hashimoto (2002) investigated affective variables as predictors of use of the second language in the classroom. She conducted a research on the advanced-level (500+ on the TOEFL) Japanese students studying at the University of Hawai 'i at Manoa. The results indicated that the path between perceived competence and greater frequency of use of the L2 was not significant. She suggested that less competent students would be willing to speak in class if they perceived themselves as competent.
It is obvious that teachers have an important role in the students ' WTC enhancement; As Zarrinabadi (2014) in a study on the role of teachers in learners ' WTC in an Iraninan context showed that teachers ' error correction, wait time, topic selection, and support influences learners ' second language …show more content…

1998).

2.1.1.6. Model of WTC Construct in L2 Communication (Pyramid Model)

MacIntyre et al. (1998) broadened Macintyre and Charos ' model of L2 WTC into a complex theoretical model, and illustrated it as a six layered pyramid (Figure 2-3).
First three layers of the pyramid (communication behavior, behavioral intention and situated antecedents) were comprised include situational factors that are believed to affect prompt L2 communication; these fluctuate in different contexts depending on the reaction to the subject of conversation and relations between

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