Learning and learning process
"There is no end to learning. It is not finishing a book, excelling in an examination, and finishing education. The learning process takes place in the whole human life, from birth to death" as alluded Jidda Krishnamurti (http://www.wiseoldsayings.com/learning-quotes)Learning. Therefore, learning is the process of acquiring knowledge. This knowledge can be acquired either by studying, experience or observation. This topic discusses the various theories in the learning process that were developed over time. The main theories include intelligence theory, the information processing theory and motivation theory. These theories are summarized as below.
Intelligence and aspects of intelligence in learners
There is various theory regarding the role of intelligence in the learning process. The most common theory is the multiple intelligence theory by Gardner. Gardner, in multiple intelligence theory, suggested that people perceive
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This theory consists of three parts and is summarized as below;
Analytic component- this focuses on the academic problem-solving skills. This intelligence focuses on an individual inner being. It enables an individual to criticize, judge, analyze, compare and evaluate various information.
Creative component- this involves insights and individual reactions to situations. This reflects how individual connects with outside world. It enables the learner to apply, use and implement the ideas learned.
Practical component- it is the intelligence that focuses on how an individual operates in the real world. This type of intelligence enables one to adapt to ever-changing an environment. It enables the learner to create, invent and predict events in life.
Information intelligence
Retrieved from https://www.webtools.ncsu.edu/learningstyles/ Fleming and Mills (1992). VARK Learning Questionnaire. Retrieved from http://vark-learn.com/the-vark-questionnaire/ Gardner, Howard (1983). Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. New York: Basic Books.
By using the assessment, I can recognize what I need to do in order to develop several skills such as communication or attitude. After the assessment, I got the result of “ISJT”, which means introversion, sensing, thinking,
With that being said, the experience of learning how to drive has lead me to become a more confident and independent person, despite the many challenges I faced along the way. Learning is defined by the Merriam-Webster dictionary, as the acquisition of knowledge or skills through experience, studying, or being taught. There are multiple different
Intrapersonal: an individual’s understanding of one’s self such as controlling their thoughts which can be further specified into strengths and weaknesses. Advantages/strengths of Howard Gardner’s theory: 1. Helps to explain that an individual has a variety of different understandings in different types of multiple intelligence. 2. The theory was based upon educational evidence and case studies.
Likewise, the Multiple Intelligence (MI) theory is also a very useful model for developing any systematic approach for nurturing and training learners and respecting their individual needs and strengths within a classroom setting. According to Emmer and Evertson (2009) multiple intelligence aids teachers in easily creating more personalized and diversified instructional experiences. It offers the teachers to help students become empowered by extending and promoting cognitive bridging techniques based on the seven intelligences, by fostering in them a deep metacognitive understanding and advancing suggestions for a broad array of skills and techniques to deal with different types of learners. This theory is summarized by Howard Gardner in his book Frames of Mind (2006) namely: Linguistcs, Logical Mathematical, Spatial, Musical, Bodily Kinesthetic, Interpersonal, and Intrapersonal. Using these techniques can help create ‘instructional bridges’ into difficult concepts.
(refer to Figure 1 in Appendix 1). All of them focus on the development of complex thinking skills. First at all, Piaget’s cognitive development theory is the most essential theory among others (Müller et al., 2009 and Scholnick et al., 1999 as cited in Lourenço, 2002, pp.281-295). This theory aims to explain the mechanisms and processes of children in understanding and discovering the world. There are 3 basic elements in theory of cognitive development which are schema, assimilation and accommodation.
So, in this assignment I am going to talk about the four major developmental theories which focused on the development of the human. And also the relationship between the development theories and the learning and how to apply those theories on the real world teaching. The Four Major Developmental Theories It is very important
Cognitive Learning Theory suggests that the different methods regarding learning can be elucidated by scrutinising the mental progressions first. Unsuccessful cognitive processes provide effects in learning complications that can be perceived anytime during the period of an individual. Piaget’s theory Piaget’s theory of cognitive development contains of four stages of intellectual development.
There are five different types of learning theories, behaviorism, cognitivism, humanism, social learning, or constructivism. All of them propose various ways through which learning is realized. However, there is no single set of learning theory, which if followed to the latter can grant a tutor a perfect outcome in the classroom. For many years, the study of learning has resulted in heated debates. It has been at the center of educational psychology.
Background information on the theory ‘Behaviorism’ It was invented by John Broadus Watson who was born on January 9, 1878 who died on September 25, 1958 (aged 80). He was residing in New York City, New York. His Nationality is American. Mr. J. Broadus was in the field of Psychology.
Learning Theory and The Role It Plays in Education Introduction Learning theories are used every day in classrooms all over America, educational theorist Lev Vygotsky, Jean Piaget, Benjamin Bloom and Jerome Bruner introduced constructivism and social constructivism theories (cognitive development, social development, and developmental). The theories developed by Vygotsky, Piaget, Bloom, and Bruner share similarities and differences, and throughout the years have been compared for educational discoveries. Learning theories are extremely important for educators, because learning is an active process. Theorist/Theory #1 Lev Vygotsky and the Zone of Proximal Development (ZDP), is the belief that students learn from adults who are more advanced
Gardner’s effort on multiple intelligences from past two decades has been quite significant. It was identified that intelligence is basically the ability for solving issues that are actually valued with in the cultural practice. According to Meunier (2003), when adults are able to learn from their lives from multiple intelligence models, they are able to find liberation in inspecting potentials which were never developed or highlighted. Programs for self-development from hobbies, programs and courses can mainly re-integrate the native intelligences of an individual in a way that can be satisfying from personal perspective. Discussion When it comes to multiple intelligence types and factors involved in clinical practices, we often realize
Instead of doing the same thing every single day, it is beneficial to try new things. When people experience new things, and are introduced to new material, they are learning. Some people do not realize it, but we all learn something new every day. Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience. Learning can be adaptive and flexible to meet life’s demand.
Internal factors include one’s personality and temperament. External factors include family environment, cultural background, and so on. The second component is the cognitive functions, which does not only mean one’s knowledge or intelligence, but it also points to one’s cognitive skills, such as selective attention, communication, problem-solving skills, moral reasoning, and so on. The two components of the model mutually affect each other to determine one’s social competence. For example, when a baby is newly
Schools are the second place after home where students’ behavior and future educational success are shaped. At schools there are many elements or factors that can influence the teaching and learning process that may take place. Rasyid (2012) stated that there are four perennial truths that make the teaching and learning process possible to take place in the classroom. If one of these is not available, there will be no teaching and learning process, though the learning process itself may still take place, they are: (1) Teacher, (2) Students, (3) Material and (4) Context of time and place. All of them are related to one another.