They also believe, they have the ability to harness the technology and policy to meet our economic needs. That’s what refers to technocentrism, however the other shade of green, light green would be referred towards the ecocentric people. These people as mentioned earlier believe that everything has equal rights. Humans shouldn’t be considered more important when compared to other species. They also believe that the environment should be put first and should be everyone’s priority.
This led to the development of the non-anthropocentrism school of thought that regards the idea of human beings dominating nature as dangerous. Gary Varner is one theorists who has come up with arguments supporting a non-anthropocentric approach to environmental ethics. One of the basic arguments in Varner’s theories is the intrinsic value of all things in existence. Having such an intrinsic value gives all things the right to moral respect from other species. This means that as much as human beings expect respect from animals and other species in nature, they must be ready to respect these species too.
In all, recent research cannot make informed choices without environmental and ethical experts whose task is to develop such theories and give them a public justification in an open debate. In order to fulfill this task, a good understanding of the ethical questions concerning own research and an ability to open and justify the ethical premises and assumptions of own research are necessary. From my point of view, the fundamental purpose of bioethics is to advance human
(Elder). Rushworth Kidder states that standard definitions of ethics have typically included such phrases as 'the science of the ideal human character' or 'the science of moral duty'. Moreover, ethics has been defined as the study of moral principles and values that govern the actions and choices of an individual or group. While personal ethics vary from individual to individual at any point in time, most people within a society are able to decide about what is considered ethical and unethical behavior. In fact, a society passes Laws that define what its citizens consider to be the more extreme forms of unethical behavior.
Ethical decision-making process are influenced by both individual and environmental characteristics, as well as an interaction with the cognitive process (Cooper, 2012). For every public official whose loyalty is to himself, his organization, and the public, the ethical decision-making process is dynamic, it is not constant, it involves a process of recognizing the problem and moving through the course of action towards finding a possible solution. It is contingent upon several factors. There is no one-size-fits-all for every situation, but the course of action is determined by the individual and environmental factors involved and the ethical character the public official has built over time. Ethical Decision Making The descriptive model of ethical decision making comprises of the way people typically make ethical decisions (Copper, 2012).
From the ecological perspective; if we are to look for a better future for the coming generations, we have to consider the environment and its betterment for everyone not from the perspective of developed and developing countries. I believe that this perspective should be ethically supported by everyone because the world is suffering from environmental degradation and continuous decrease of natural resources and ever increasing of man-made waste. This serves as the main alarms which should be used as catalysts for including the majority of human beings and living creatures in the perspective of happiness. The utilitarianism theory talks about the importance of the good consequences of environmental sustainability for the benefit of the majority. On the economic level of sustainability, the utilitarian ethics is based on consequences and the happiness of the majority where
Environmental ethics is an ethics that studies the relationships between human beings and the environment. Humans is a part of society as well as other creatures, which includes plants and animals. These are an important part of the world so I think we as a human being need to respect and use morals when dealing with these things. From my opinion, the environmental ethic is very important to help us conserve our world and manage our natural resources to meet our increasing needs and wants. But I found out myself had a very limited understanding of environmental ethics.
It is also important for them strive to incorporate environmental considerations within the criteria by which projects, products, processes and purchases are evaluated. They can promote the conservation of resources and protection of the environment through recycling, reuse, and proper disposal of materials. They should anticipate and react to public concerns about potential dangers and impacts of operations, products, excesses or services including those of global importance. They should continuously struggle to upgrade our environmental performance taking into account technical developments. Community expectations, scientific understanding, and customer needs.
There is a psychological difference in today’s world of what we enjoy out of nature (Becker, 1971). So Becker’s question of, “what is the relation of man to nature?” (p. 114), is essential because the relationship we have with nature not only affects our survival but our psychological state as well
To help us understand and cope with the justice of the Constitution of the Environmental Rights, and the sustainable development. Author Elizabeth Maruma Mrema a writer of Environmental Rights, wrote the article “Access to Justice and Sustainable Development - How Can Environmental Access Rights Achieve Sustainable Development for All?” The access to justice as part of Environmental Access Rights. Is important because it establishes that justice plays a big role in Environmental Rights, and the safety of it. “Ability of groups and individuals to be able to bring an alleged violation [of environmental rights] to the attention of a court and to have that court adjudicates the claim in a fair and impartial fashion on the basis of the evidence and according to the applicable rules of law”. This goes to show that justice have/has been playing a major role in the Environmental Laws.